TEETH 43 



neighboring lymphatic glands and the non-response 

 to treatment in time reveal its true character. The 

 diagnosis may be absolutely confirmed if a small 

 portion be excised and submitted to an expert 

 pathologist for microscopic examination. In all 

 cases there is rapid emaciation, and sooner or later 

 death relieves the sufferer. 



Treatment. — There is no successful treatment for 

 this condition. Surgical interference appears to 

 stimulate the malignant properties of these neoplasms, 

 and the most humane course, once the diagnosis of 

 malignancy is positive, is to end the animal's suffer- 

 ing by an overdose of chloroform. 



Harelip and Cleft Palate 



These congenital malformations may occur con- 

 jointly or singly, and are serious defects. More 

 especially is this true of the latter, as it is impos- 

 sible for the puppy to feed in the natural way and 

 it has to be fed from a feeding bottle with a nipple 

 large enough to reach to the back of the mouth. 



A harelip may be double or single. A cleft 

 palate may be wide or narrow, existing either in 

 the anterior or posterior portion of the mouth, or 

 it may extend the whole length. 



Treatment. — The treatment is surgical, and con- 

 sists of scarifying the edges of the lips or palate 

 and uniting them by sutures. The details of this 

 operation are given in Part II (see page 191). 



The Teeth 



The dog has forty-two teeth, formulated thus : 

 i. 3-3 c. 1-1 pm. 4-4 m. 2-2 = 42 



3-3 1-1 4-4 3-3 



