CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE 115 



in a cool, dark, but well-ventilated place, and an ice 

 pack placed on the head; or the head may be con- 

 tinuously bathed with cold water, or even placed 

 under a running cold-water tap. In the very early 

 stages — that is, when the pulse is full and bounding 

 — venesection is of the greatest benefit, but later 

 on it is to be avoided as positively harmful. The 

 circulation may also be equally well equalized by 

 repeated small doses of aconitin and veratrin. A full 

 purgative should be given, and the bowels kept well 

 relaxed. Great excitement may be controlled either 

 by a hypodermic injection of hyoscin, a rectal injec- 

 tion of chloral hydrate, or the oral administration of 

 potassium bromid. In sub-acute cases, where the 

 depression is great, recourse must be had to stimu- 

 lants, such as strychnin, camphor, or ether, admin- 

 istered hypodermically. 



Later on, if the patient rallies at all, full doses 

 of potassium iodid should be given. 



Anemia of the Brain 



In acute cases of anemia of the brain, vertigo and 

 unconsciousness are the premonitory symptoms. In 

 addition, the heart is weak and the pulse small, 

 vomition occurs, the pupils are dilated, and paleness 

 of the optic papilla is revealed upon ophthalmoscop- 

 ical examination. 



Treatment. — Stimulants (given hypodermically) 

 and circulatory equalizers should be administered 

 and counterirritants applied to the head. 



Cerebral Hemorrhage 



Apoplexy consists in rupture of a blood vessel in 

 the brain, with effusion of blood and compression 

 or destruction of the brain parenchyma. 



Caus.e.— -A cerebral hemorrhage may take, place 

 in connection with encephalitis or from any of the 



