110 SURVEYS OP FOEEST RESERVES. 



The larger trees alone produce saw timber. The future economic value 

 of the reserve must depend chiefly upon this tree. 



The Engelmann spruce occurs in moist situations from 7,000 to 10,000 

 feet in altitude, chiefly near the streams. It is abundant in places, and 

 furnishes the larger proportion of logs cut in the reserve. Its average 

 measurements are as follows: Height, 100 feet; diameter 2 feet; length 

 of clear trunk, none. 



The Douglas flr (red fir) is not a common tree, nor anywhere locally 

 abundant. It occupies for the most part dry situations, and resists fire 

 exceedingly well. The average dimensions of mature trees are as fol- 

 lows: Height, 80 feet; diameter, 2 feet; length of clear trunk, 15 feet. 



The quaking aspen and two cottonwoods are abundant, but for the 

 present not ec6nomically important. The quaking aspen is next in 

 abundance to the lodge-pole pine, and has approximately the same 

 distribution, while the cottonwoods occur chiefly along streams. The 

 latter occasionally reach a diameter of 4 feet, with a height of 75 feet. 



The whole area of the reserve is said to have been repeatedly burned 

 over, with great damage to the forest. The inflammable character of 

 its principal tree, the lodge-pole pine, here gives the fire question strik- 

 ing importance, as it does wherever this tree forms a considerable 

 element of the forest growth. 



Since the reserve contains only grazing and forest lauds, irrigation, 

 which has hitherto assumed no importance, is not expected to develop 

 to any marked extent in the future. 



There has been no mining development of consequence within the 

 reserve. 



AGKICULTURB. 



As has been indicated, agriculture is without importance in this 

 reserve, and no measures need be taken with a view to its extension in 

 the near future. 



GRAZING. 



Many thousand acres of grazing land are included in Jackson Hole, 

 and some provision will be required to regulate pasturage, unless it is 

 decided to exclude this area from the reserve. Since I am not person- 

 ally acquainted with this reserve I am not prepared to make a specific 

 recommendation upon the subiect. 



FOREST FOECE. 



I am not prepared to make specific recommendations. The extent 

 and situation of the reserve appear to indicate that it should be pro- 

 visionally assimilated to the Yellowstone Park Forest Reserve. In 

 that case special regulations will be required to open the reserve itself 

 and all its resources to conservative use. 



FOREST MANAGEMENT. 



The present source of demand for the timber of the reserve are the 

 settlements in Jackson and Pierre Holes. The poor quality of the 

 timber makes it certain that no large trade in forest produce can be 



