SURVEYS OP FOEEST RESERVES. 153 



State. I am confident, however, that a system can be adopted which, 

 honestly and intelligently carried out, will stop the real evils of the 

 present system and at the same time maintain the interests of all the 

 communities concerned. 



CLOSED AKEAS. 



The first step toward a satisfactory system of sheep-grazing regula- 

 tions in the Cascade Eeserve is to provide absolute protection for those 

 places which the people of the State require as public resorts or for 

 reservoir purposes. The grandeur of the natural scenery of the Cas- 

 cades is coming to be better known. Even before the forest reserve 

 was created a movement was on foot to have the Mount Hood region 

 and the Crater Lake region set aside as national parks, and since th6 

 reserve was created the eminent desirability and propriety of the ear- 

 lier movement has been clearly recognized, both in the continued efforts 

 of the people to keep sheep from grazing in these regions and in the 

 concession in the petition of the sheep owners that if the Cascade 

 Eeserve as a whole be abolished the Crater Lake and Mount Hood 

 regions be maintained as smaller and separate reserves on which sheep 

 be not allowed to graze. In the tentative regulations of the General 

 Land OfQce dated June 30, 1897, the justice of these representations 

 was officially recognized by a rule excluding sheep from grazing "upon 

 or in the vicinity of the Bull Eun Eeserve (a small reservoir reserve con- 

 tiguous to the Cascade Eeserve at its northwestern extremity), Crater 

 Lake, Mount Hood, Mount Eainier in another reserve in the State of 

 Washington, or other well-known places of public resort or reservoir 

 supply." Before this exclusion can be made effective the exact limits of 

 the areas specified must be described by ihetes and bounds and th6 

 boundaries marked. 



Crater Lake. — How much should be included in the closed areas at 

 Mount Hood and Crater Lake is a question to which considerable atten- 

 tion has been paid in the field. After going twice carefully over the 

 ground at Crater Lake and cSnsulting with various men well informed 

 on the subjectj especially Capt. O. C. Applegate, of Klamath Falls, I 

 question whether a better area can be adopted than that covered by the 

 special Crater Lake contour map, published by the United States Geo- 

 logical Survey, which extends from longitude 122° to 122° 15', and 

 from latitude 42° 50' to 43° 04'. At present no sheep are grazied in 

 the vicinity of Crater Lake, but for a few years up to and including 

 1896 a small amount of summer grazing was carried on in the water- 

 shed of Anna Creek and that of the upper Eogue Eiver. 



Moimt Hood. — It was my intention to submit a report on suitable 

 boundaries for the closed area about Mount Hood, but as various peti- 

 tions and memorials on the subject have been presented directly to the 

 Secretary of the Interior and are under consideration, no recommenda- 

 tions are here presented. It may be well to state, however, that three 

 principal propositions have been made as to the boundaries of the pro- 

 posed closure. In the order of their size, beginning with the smallest, 

 they are as follows: (1) Two roughly triangular blocks, one extending 

 from the summit of Mount Hood north to the edge of the reserve, 

 bounded on the east by the Bast Fork of Hood Eiver and on the west 

 by the Bull Eun Eeserve, the other extending from the summit of 

 Mount Hood southward to the boundary between townships 3 and 4 

 south, bounded on the east by White Eiver and on the west by Zigzag 

 Creek and the line between ranges 7 and 8 east; (2) all that portion of 

 the reserve north of the Barlow road and west of the summit of the 



