56 



fldwcis 111 ;\Iay or June; fruit rijieiis the fiipt year, in 8e])tcinl)or and 

 October, globose to oblong, 5-8 cm. m diameter; nut varia))le, from 

 subglolxise to ovoid or elliptical, moi-e or less rounded or pointed at the 

 ends, 1.5-3.5 cm. tluough the widest diameter; kernel edible; wood 

 heavy, hard, strong, rather coarse, heart wood dark bi'own, dui-able, 

 works easily and takes a high polish. 



Dislribulion. — ( )ntario south to tlie (Udf Sta-tes and w(>st to Te.xas 

 and Xel)i'aska. It was mor<^ or less frerpient to common in all jiai'ts of 

 Indiana in well drained rich soils. 



Remarks.— This tree is iVcquenlly calle<l l_)lack walmit. On account 

 of the maii>- exceheiil (|ualities of tiie wood, the walnut has been a 

 chon'e tindier tice from pioneer (hn's to the present. It served the 

 |iioneei' foi' I'ails, an<l m his l)uildings for sleepers, rafters, interior 

 finisii. fuiniture, etc. It soon, sprung into commercial importance, and 

 lias been used for almost eveiything for which wood is used. Indiana 

 and ( )hi(] have furnished the gi'eatest amount of walnut. The supply of 

 lumber from old forest-grown trees has become so scarce that it is sought 

 in old liuildmgs, rail fences, old stumps and old fuiniture has been worked 

 ovei'. That the demand for walnut timber will not cease is assured; this 

 should encourage land owners to grow this tree. It is adapted to a 

 moist, rich, deep soil and will do well in such a habitat in all parts of the 

 State. "W'hei-e such land is set aside foi' forestry jnirposes, no better tree 

 could be used foi planting. Since the tree develops a long tap root which 

 makes it difficult to transjilant, it is recommended that the nuts be 

 stratified in the fall, and the gernunated nuts be planted in April or 

 Alay. Tlie foliage of the walnut is often attacked by the "tent catei'- 

 jiillar" which can l.)e easily destioyed liy burning about sun down when 

 the lai-va.' collect in a bunch on oi- neai' the trunk of the tree. Since 

 the nut of tlie walnut is of cfinsiderable commercial value, it is recom- 

 mended that the walnut be phmted along fences, about orchards and as 

 one of tlie species in windbreaks. 



2. CARY.A. The Hickories. 



Tiees with hard, tight or scaly bark; leaflets alternate, odd-pinnate, 

 Klandular-dotted lieneath; leaflels sei'i'ate, usually uneciual at the base, 

 tlie laleral sessile or nearly so, the terminal short-stalked, the lowest 

 liaii' the smallest, upper pair and terminal the largest, bruised leaflets 

 chaiacterislically aromatic; staminate flowers in slender catkins, 

 anthers hairy; pistillate flowers in small clusters; fi'uit a bony nut con- 

 tained in a woody husk which separates more or less completelj^ from 

 tlie nut into four ])arts. 



