98 



2 miles east of Amlerson. This site was fonnerly an Iiulian village, aiul 

 the trees may have been introdueed here. The late A. C. Benedict 

 foi-merly of the State Gooloi>;ical Snrvey, told me he saw a colony in 

 187S in Fayette County on the farm of Dr. B. Ball, about 3 miles west 

 of C'onnersville on the east side of Littl(> Williams Creek. The trees 

 were at least 6 dm. in diameter. The western line of distribution would 

 V)e a line drawn from ^lartinsville to a ]ioint a few miles west of Shoals 

 and south to Tell City. 



Reniarlvs. — The greatest nnmloeis of this species are found on the 

 outcrops of the knobstone in Clark, Floyd, Harrison, Jackson, Lawience, 

 Martin, (Jrange and Washington Counties. It grows on high ground, 

 associated with white and l)lack oak, lieecli, etc. The species in all of 

 our ai'ca grows to be a large ti'ee. In the Ind. Ceol. Eejit. 1874:70:b875 

 theic is a. I'eference to a "stump in Jackson Coimty that was 9 ft. and 

 2 in. in diameter." This species is rather gi'egarious in habit, and 

 raiely are isolated trees found. It is cjuite local in its distribution, 

 but whei-e found it is usualby a common ti'ee. The bark was much used 

 in tanning, and the timber for poles, ties and posts. The demand for 

 this s])ecies has led to lieavj' cutting, so that the present sujiply is pi'ac- 

 tically limited to inferior oi- small trees. The nut crop in this State 

 is usually Ijadly infested by the weevil. 



This species is easilj^ propagated liy seed or seedlings. It is recom- 

 mended for forest planting in all parts of its natnial range and other 

 parts of the State where the soil is very sandy and free from limestone. 

 This s]:iecies nevei' attains to an old age when growing close to the 

 limestone. It grows rapidly and reciuii'es little pruning. The only 

 objection to planting it for forestry jiurposes is that it might be in- 

 fested Ijy the chestnut bark disease which is fatal to this tree. This 

 disease is fai- to the east of us, and there ai'e wide barriers to its western 

 migration. Since a (drestnnt grove would soon grow into post and 

 pole size, in the event the grove would be killed by the bark disease, 

 the cro]) coiUd be harvested and the loss would be more of the nature 

 of a disappointment than a financial one. If planted in a cleared area 

 the seedlings should be spaced about 5 x 5 feet if no cultivation can 

 be done. If the trees can be cultivated, plant 7x7 or 8x8 feet and 

 grow corn ff)r one or two years between the rows. 



3. QUERCUS. The t)AKH. 



The leaves of Indiana oaks are deciduous; flowers appear in April 

 or May, vei'y small, the staminate on slender penflnlous catkins, the 

 pistillate solitary or in clustei's in scaly })nd-like cups; fruit an acorn 

 which takes one or two years to mature, lipennig in September or 



