foliage and thick bark and darkish stem and give plenty of 
the milky latex, the average being 1,200 grammes per tree. 
Those of the Jequié, which grow between the rivers Paraguassu 
to the north and of the Contas to the south, are a shrub-tree 
whose trunk does not exceed 30 centimetres in. diametre. The 
bark is fine and of light clear color; it produces about 500 
grammes of rubber. 
The mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa) is a slender and 
crooked shrub-tree, 3 to 4 metres high, and ‘abounds on the 
high-lying table-lands or plateaux in the interior of Brazil. 
The trunk has:a diameter of. from -0™30 to 0™85; is scantily 
leaved; the fruit is eatable.and has a very agreeable taste. 
A plant of an extraordinary resisting power, it defies the 
inclemency -of the: climate, the absence of rains, the scarcity of 
humidity and. of nourishment from the soil. It predominates in 
the catingas of the Northern States, in the carrascaes of Goyaz 
and ‘in the cerrados of S. Paulo, which means to say, that it is 
found from Maranhio to S. Paulo, now in the Interior, as in the 
mountain-range of the Mangabeiras between Maranhao and 
Goyaz, in the central Chapada of Minas, in the Parecis of 
Matto Grosso and in S. Paulo in the zone comprised between 
the Paranapanema River and the Rio Grande, tributaries of the 
Parana River, and again on the littoral, which is the case from 
Bahia northwards as far as Ceara. 
There are several different varieties of this plant, there being 
no indications, however, tending to point out any one of these 
preferable to another with regard to the question of its yield.. 
The latex is of a bluish tint, its richness in rubber varying 
greatly. Each mangabeira supplies on an average one kilogram 
of rubber. : ” 
. Besides the plants mentioned, there are still many others 
in Brazil which furnish rubber, but which continue to grow 
without being taken advantage of, on account of the little profit 
they give. : 
To speak only of those which exploited on a small scale 
have yet supplied the Brazilian markets with an appreciable 
product, we may yet mention the Massaranduba, Mimosups 
elata, and Frei-Allem, gigantic trees found from the Amazon and 
Para to Rio de Janeiro and Minas, abundant in the milky latex, 
which being coagulated produces a rubber very similar to gutta- 
percha, to which it serves as a substitute in all the latter’s most 
important applications; and the Sorva, Couma utilis, Muell. Arg., 
which grow in Parad and'in the Amazon valley, the latex: of 
which, the leite de sorva, enters, with a small coefficient into: the 
production of rubber in these two States. Bo etl 
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