In no other parts, like here, will the development of Cipo’s 
palm be found. In 1875, a boundary commission discovered 
one of these palms Urumbamba (Calamus procumbeus) or Des 
Moncus rudentum de Martins, of more than 20 meters in length, 
with hardly the thickness of a centimeter. The cotton tree, to- 
bacco, ipecac, there called “poya,” grow spontaneously on the 
plains and in the forests. The last grows abundantly in the 
forests of the Upper Jaurii and the neighboring rivers. Maté, 
the most notable product of the tablelands of the South, and’ 
which has made some regions rich, as the State of Parana, grows 
here spontaneously between the Rivers Miranda and Apa, with- 
out speaking of the seringa, which is found in immense and thick 
forests in a district that extends from Cuyaba to Madeira and 
which will be the special subject of this leaflet. 
The woods for building are very abundant and of a great 
variety, such as Brazil wood, Jacaranda, Peroba, Canella, Cedro, 
Jequitiba, Massaran-duba, Arco, Ferro, Setim and Vinhatico. 
Among the animals are found deer, tapir, panther, and also 
a large number of small animals usually found in tropical regions. 
The fowls and birds along the streams and the songsters in the 
forests are, because of their variety, almost innumerable. The 
ostrich is found in the region of the pampas and on the margins 
of the upper Paraguay. There are many varieties of fish in 
the large and small rivers. 
In the mineral kingdom, the State of Matto Grosso: has 
numerous mines of gold, silver, platinum, copper, tin, mercury, 
coal, iron, precious stones, diamonds, etc. There are already 
four English companies developing gold mines. There ‘is also 
granite, crystal, malacacheta, limestone, sal-geunna, etc. Finally, 
in the region of the Araxa, there are sulphur mineral springs. 
In Matto Grosso are found the largest cattle ranches, not only 
as to their territorial extent, but’ also as to the number of horses 
and cattle, some of them numbering 100,000 head. The number 
of cattle is calculated to be 2,000,500,000 head. Although the 
transportation of cattle from Matto Grosso to Rio de Janeiro 
is difficult, it is generally done by a road running West to 
Uberaba, where they pass the Winter season of two or three 
months and being recuperated are sent by railroad to Rio de 
Janeiro. Hence it is easy to see that with the completion of the 
Northwestern Railway of Brazil, the problem of transportation 
to the coast will be solved. Also with the completion of the 
Madeira-Marmoré Railway the navigable rivers of Matto Grosso, 
will in short time, be linked with the port of Para. Before long 
another railway will extend from S. Luiz de‘Caceres, the ancient 
city of Matto Grosso, where the River Guaporé commences -to 
be navigable to Guajara-Mirim, the terminal point of the Ma- 
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