INSECT FOOD OF CARDINAL. 
voured by 13 cardinals. 
S. compressirostris) were identified. 
Lamellicorn or scarabeid beetles are 
next in importance to weevils in the beetle 
diet of the cardinal. They were eaten by 
77 birds and compose 2.56 percent of the 
annual food. Many of them feed on ex- 
crementitious matter and are of neutral 
economic significance; but few of these are 
consumed by the bird. Those secured in- 
clude the common road-frequenting dung 
beetles, which were captured by 6 cardi- 
nals, and the large resplendant scavenger 
Phaneus carnifex. 
Other species in this family, however, 
are not so harmless as the above. The 
spotted vine-chafer (Pelidnota punctata), 
which is an important grape pest in the 
eastern United States, the two-spotted 
Anomala, which also devours the foliage 
of the grape, and the cetonias (H'uphoria 
inda, fig. 15; FE. fulgida, et al.), which feed 
13 
Two species (Sphenophorus cariosus and 
Fic. 12.—A bill bug (Spheno- 
phorus). (From Forbes, IIli- 
nois IXxperiment Station.) 
upon all sorts of flowers and sometimes on young Indian corn, are all 
accepted as food by the cardinal. 
Fia. 13.—Figeater (Allorhina nitida). 
Bureau of Entomology.) 
times, says Prof. J. B. Smith, that they “ 
(From Howard, 
The southern june beetle or figeater 
(Allorhina nitida, fig. 
13), which causes con- 
siderable damage in 
Florida and neighbor- 
ing States, was found in 
a few stomachs; but 
since the cardinal 
evinces a strong prefer- 
ence for large insects 
and abounds in this 
beetle’s favorite home, 
many of them, no doubt, 
are devoured. Of great- 
est interest in this fam- 
ily are the rose-chafers 
(Macrodactylus subspi- 
nosis, fig. 14.) These bee- 
tles are so abundant at 
ruin not only vineyards, 
but orchards and gardens, eating every kind of fruit and flower ; 
