HANDLING AND FEEDING YOUNG FROM MACHINES 73 



high-grade beef scrap is put before them." Dr. San- 

 born's chicks are never again without this beef scrap till 

 they go into the laying house. He feeds nothing but 

 cracked wheat and beef scrap till the fourteenth day, 

 when half the wheat is replaced by cracked com. He 

 always gives a full feed of cracked grain just before 

 dark, and does not limit the cut grass or clover, lettuce, 

 turnip tops, or whatever may be available as green feed, 

 after the fourteenth day. He says, also, that it reduces 

 the cost of raising the chicks to feed a dry mash of 

 "ground grain and meat," and that it raises nice chicks, 

 though not leading to so much exercise as the cracked 

 grain in litter. After three weeks, the grain and meat 

 are fed in separate hoppers. 



The hoppers, the water dish, and the litter may be 

 outside the brooder as soon as the chicks are strong 

 enough, if the conditions are favorable. If the chicks 

 are kept inside, the ventilation is watched very carefully, 

 the heat being kept a little in excess, in order to keep 

 the windows open more. He says, " A brooder that 

 can be shut up tightly is a dangerous one to put into the . 

 hands of a beginner." (With this I agree heartily.) He 

 adds that the very best feeds will be wasted if chicks 

 are allowed to get chilled or wet. He speaks of "the 

 chill which is the usual cause of white diarrhoea," and 

 says : " When I visit my brooders, if I find the chicks 

 lying with heads just in sight, outside the felt (fringe) of 

 the hover, I know the heat is all right. I much prefer 

 this test to the best thermometer I can buy." Most of 

 those of experience will agree with him in this. But 

 a thermometer is a good help in knowing the temperature 

 when the chicks are not under the hover. 



