56 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



resid.).— Ddtchee, Auk, x, 1893, 276 (Flatlands, etc.. Long Island, New- 

 York, 1848, 1864).— Nehkling, Our Native Birds, etc., ii, 1896, 43, pi. 21, 

 fig. 4.— Knight, Bull. "Univ. Maine, no. 3, 1897, 92 (resident).— Butler, 

 Birds Indiana, 1897, 920 (s. in winter to Indianapolis and Bloomington).— 

 Brooks, Auk, xvii, 1900, 106 (Chilli wack, Brit. Columbia).— Armstrong, 

 Auk, xvii, 1900, 175 (Johnstown and Pawtucket, Rhode Island, Jan., Feb.). 



X. loxia] leucoptera Gray, Gen. Birds, ii, 1845, 388. — Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 

 1850, 527.— Cabanis, Mus. Hein., i, 1851, 168.— Nelson, Bull. Essex Inst., 

 viii, 1876, 105 (n. e. Illinois, winter).— Coues, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 

 1884, 348.— RiDGWAY, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 393. 



[Loxia] leucoptera Gray, Hand-list, ii, 1870, 108, no. 7636. 



Loxia cucoptera (err. typ.) Nelson, Cruise "Corwin," 1881 (1883), 66 (Alaska). 



[Loxia hifasdata.'] Subsp. a. Loxia leucoptera Shakpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mug., xii, 

 1888, 443. 



[Loxia leucoptera} var. leucoptera Baied, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. 

 Birds, i, 1874, 483. 



Orucirostra leucoptera Brehm, Isis, 1827, 720; Naumannia, iii, 1853, 254, fig. 20. 



Curmrostra leucoptera Wilson, Am. Orn., iv, 1811, 48, pi. 31, fig. 3. — Baird, Rep. 

 Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 427; Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 319.— Ball 

 and Bannister, Trans. Chicago Ac. Sci., i, 1869, 281 (Nulato, Alaska, Feb. 8- 

 Apr. 9).— Cooper, Orn. Cal., 1870, 149.— Stevenson, Prelim. Rep. U. S. Geol. 

 Surv. for 1871 (1872), 464 (Box Elder Creek, Wyoming) .—Maynard, Proc. 

 Bost. Soc. N. H., xiv, 1872, 371 (Umbagog, Maine, and Franconia, New 

 Hampshire, breeding). 



[Curvirostra'] leucoptera Coues, Key N. Am. Birds, 1872, 129. 



Loxia (Crucirostra) leucoptera Naumann, Vug. DeutschL, pi. 385, fig. 4. 



Loxia falcirostra Latham, Index Orn., i, 1790, 371. — Yarrell, Hist. Brit. Birds, 

 ii, 1843, 38. 



Loxia alrata Homeyee, Journ. fiir Orn., xxvii, Apr., 1879, 179 (North America; 

 =male ad. in worn breeding plumage; see Ridgway, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 iii, 1890, 234). 



Genus PYRRHULA Brlsson. 

 Pyrrhula Brisson, Orn. , iii, 1760, 308. (Type, P. europxa Vieillot. ) 



Medium-sized or rather small arboreal finches of short, thick build, 

 very fluffy plumage, the bill verj'^ short and thick (length, depth, and 

 breadth about equal), the plumage more or less varied, but plain. 



Bill very short, thick, and broad, its width at base equal to or greater 

 than the length of the exposed culmen; the latter strongly convex, 

 indistinctly ridged; maxillary tomium with notch obsolete, the anterior 

 half concave, then slightly convex, the basal portion with a decided 

 deflection; mandibular tomium stronglj^ convex terminally; the sub- 

 basal angle produced into a rounded, tooth-like process, Nostrils 

 entirely hidden by a dense fringe of antrorse plumules. Rictal bristles 

 very strong. Wing rather long (about five times as long as tarsus), 

 rather pointed (four outermost primaries longest, the ninth longer than 

 the fifth); primaries exceeding secondaries bj' decidedlj" more than the 

 length of the tarsas. Tail shorter than wing by more than length of 

 tarsus, neariy even, about two-thirds hidden by the very long upper 

 coverts. Tarsus shorter than middle toe with claw; lateral toes rather 



