94 BULLETIN 50. UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



CARDUELIS CARDUELIS (Linnaeus). 

 GOLDFINCH. 



AdMlts {sexes alike).— Fore part of head, all round, crimson; lores, 

 hinder part of crown, occiput, nape, and bar from the latter halfway 

 across side of neck black; rest of head white, more or less tinged with 

 brownish buff; back, scapulars, and rump plain brown; upper tail- 

 coverts white; wings and tail mostly black; greater portion of greater 

 coverts, basal portion of outermost secondaries, and basal half or more 

 of exposed portion of outer webs of primaries bright lemon yellow; 

 secondaries, primaries, and middle rectrices tipped with white, the 

 inner webs of lateral rectrices also partly white; sides of bx'east, sides, 

 and flanks plain cinnamon-brown or wood brown; rest of under parts 

 white; bill whitish (tinged with flesh color or lilac in life); iris brown; 

 legs and feet dull flesh color (in life). 



Young. — Wings and tail- as in adults, but the former with middle 

 and greater coverts tipped with pale brownish, forming two bands; 

 no red on head nor black on head or neck; pileum and hindneck light 

 grayish brown, mottled or streaked with darker, the back also more 

 or less streaked with dusky; chin and throat whitish, the latter flecked 

 with sooty brown, the foreneck, chest, and breast mottled or spotted 

 with the same. 



Adult «(a/6^.— Length (skins), 121.92-129.54 (126.49); wing, 74.42- 

 81.28 (77.47); tail, 47.75-49.53 (48.51); exposed culmen, 11.94-13.72 

 (12.70); depth of bill at base, 8.13-8.38 (8.38); tarsus, 14.73-15.49 

 (14.99)4 middle toe, 10.92-12.70 (11.68).^ 



Adult female.— Length (skins), about 121.92-127.00; wing, 73.41- 

 76.71 (74.68); tail, 48.26-50.29 (49.02); exposed culmen, 10.92-12.45 

 (11.94); depth of bill at base, 7.62-8.38 (7.87); tarsus, 14.73-15.24 

 (14.99); middle toe, 11.68-12.70 (12.19.)^ 



Europe in general, except extreme northern portions; south, in 

 winter, to Palestine and Egypt. (Introduced into the northeastern 

 United States and naturalized in Cuba, in New York City and vicinity, 

 and Cincinnati, Ohio; accidental (?) at New Haven, Connecticut, near 

 Boston, Worcester, etc., Massachusetts, Toronto, Ontario, etc. 



IFringilla] carduelis LiNNiEns, Syst. Nat.,ed. 10, i, 1758, 180 (based on Carduelis, 

 Gesner); ed. 12, i, 1766, 318.— Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, 1788, 903.— Latham, 

 Index Orn., i, 1790, 449. 



Fringilla carduelis Temminck, Man. d'Orn., i, 1820, 377. — Rorx, Orn. Prov., 1825, 

 pis. 97, 98.— Naumann, Vog. Deutschl., v, 1826, pi. 124, flgs.l, 2.— Wekner, 

 Atlas, Granivores, 1827, pi. 52. — Keyserlino and Blasius, Wirb. Eur., 1840, 

 p. xli. — Yaebell, Hist. Brit. Birds, i, 1843, 490. — Schlegel, Kev. Crit., 1844, 

 p. Ixiii; Vog. Nederl., 1854, pi. 167; Dier. Nederl., 1861, pi. 16, figs. 11, 12.— 

 Keulemans, Onze Vogels, i, 1869, pi. 34.— Fkitsch, Vog. Eur , 1870, pi. 25, 

 fig. 7.— Haeting, Handb. Brit. Birds, 1872, 27.— Seebohm, Hist. Brit. Birds, 

 ii, 1884, 87. 



1 Four specimens. ^ Three specimens. 



