144 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



forming a conspicuous bar: rest of wings dusky, with light brown and 

 rusty brown edgings; rump olive or olive-grayish; tail dusky, edged 

 with light olive or olive-grayish; malar region and sides of throat 

 white; under parts of body dull grayish white, more grayish laterally; 

 bill black (the mandible more or less light colored in winter) ; legs and 

 feet brownish; length (skins), 139.45-157.99 (146.30); wing, 71.63- 

 78.99 (75.95); tail, 52.83-58.17 (54.61); exposed culmen, 12.19-13.46 

 (12.70); depth of bill at base, 9.40-9.91 (9.65); tarsus, 18.29-20.32 

 (19.30); middle toe, 13.21-16.00 (14.99).^ 



Adult female. — Pileum (including postocular region) and hindneck 

 grayish brown or olive; lores, chin, throat, and chest dull brownish 

 white or pale brownish gray, like rest of under parts; otherwise like 

 the adult male, but back browner, less rufescent; length (skins), 

 134.11-153.92 (144.27); wing, 74.42-76.45 (75.44); tail, 52.07-55.88 

 (54.10); exposed culmen, 9.65; tarsus, 18.03-20.07 (19.30); middle toe, 

 13.72-15.75 (14.99).' 



Young male. — Similar to adult female, but throat more or less dusky 

 grayish. 



Young female. — Similar to young male, but throat white. 



Europe in general, except Italy; introduced into the United States, 

 where thoroughly and ineradicably naturalized in all settled districts, 

 except southern Florida and a few other extreme outposts; also intro- 

 duced into Bahamas (island of New Providence), Cuba, Nova Scotia, 

 Bermudas, and southern Greenland. 



\_Fnngilla\ domestica XiYS'smvs, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 183 (Europe; based on 

 Passer domesticus Gesner, Av.,643, etc.) ; ed. 12, i, 1766, 323. — Gjielin, Syst. 

 Nat., i, 1788, 925.— Lathajf, Index Om., i, 1790, 432. 



Fringilla domestica Temminck, Man. d'Orn., i, 1820, 350. — Naumann, Yog. 

 Deutschl., iv, 1826, 453, pi. 115.— Wernee, Atlas, Granivores, 1827, pi. 39.— 

 Yabeell, Hist. Brit. Birds, i, 1843, 474. — Kjjeebolling, Danm. Fugle, 1852, 

 pi. 26, fig. 4. — SuJSDEVALL, Svensk. Fogl., 1856, pi. 6, figs. 1, 2. — Schlegel, 

 Dier. Nederl. Yog., i, 1860, 120, pi. 16, figs. 1, 2. 



Passer domesticus Koch, Syst. bayer. Zool., 1816, 219. — Pallas, Zoogr. Kosso- 

 Asiat., ii, 1826, 29.— Macgillivkay. Hist. Brit. Birds, i, 1837, 340.— Keysek- 

 LiNG and Blasius, Wirb. Eur., 1840, p. xl. — Schlegel, Rev. Grit., 1844, p. 

 Ixiv; Yog. Nederl., 1854, pi. 161.— Geay, List Brit. Birds, 1863, 100.— Deq- 

 land and Geebe, Orn. Eur., i, 1867, 241. — Gould, Birds Gt. Brit., iii, 

 1870, pi. 32.— Feitsch, Yog. Eur., 1870, pi. 20, fig. 16.— Hartinq, Handb. 

 Brit. Birds, 1872, 28.— Allen, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., iii, 1872, 167 (Ogden, 

 Utah); Am. Nat., vi, 1872, 287 (Salt Lake Valley, Utah) .— Cohes, Check 

 List., 1873, no. 187; 2d ed., 1882, no. 192; Bull. U. S. Geol. and Geog. 

 Surv. Terr., v., 1879, 175-193 (status in America; bibliography). — Dees- 

 see, Birds Europe, iii, 1876, 587, pi. 176, fig. 1.— Newton, ed. Yarrell's 

 Hist. Brit. Birds, ii, 1876, 89.— Beace, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H., xix, 1877, 240 

 (New Providence, Bahamas). — Cory, Birds Bahama I., 1880, 88; Auk, iii, 

 1886, 211; Birds W. I., 1889, 98; Cat. W, I. Birds, 1892, 112 (New Provi- 

 dence, Bahamas; Cuba); Auk, viii, 1891, 395 (Nassau, New Providence 



' Seven specimens. 



