274 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



i-. Back dull cinnamon brown or russet. 

 /. Back darker, more russet, or approaching prouts brown. 



Junoo oreganus oregaims, adult female (p. 283) 

 II. Back paler, more cinnamon brown or approaching wood 



brown Junco oreganus thurberi, adult female (p. 287) 



hk. Back grayish brown (not grayer than bister) . 

 I. Throat and chest slate-gray or slate color; outermost rectrix 

 more or less dusky at base, the second extensively sO; 

 smaller (wing not more than 80.26, averaging 76.71). 

 in. Throat and chest darker (slate color or dark slate-gray) . 

 11. Wing not more than 78.23 (averaging 74.93); back 

 browner. 



Junco oreganus shufeldti, adult female (p. 285) 

 11. Wing not less than 76.71 (averaging 79.50); back 

 grayer. (Northern Montana and Idaho to Alberta 

 in summer, southward and eastward in winter. ) 



Junco montanus, adult male (p. 289) 

 mm. Throat and chest paler (slate-gray or sometimes 

 approaching ash gray). (Wing not more than 76.20,, 

 averaging about 73.66.) 



Junco montanus, adult female (p. 289) 



U. Throat and chest clear ash gray; outermost rectrix entirely 



white, the second nearly so. (Southern Montana and 



Idaho in summer, south in winter to northern Mexico. ) 



Junco mearnsi, adult male and female (p. 291) 



jj. Back brownish gray, not conspicuously different from color of 



head, neck, and chest. (San Pedro Martir Mountains, 



northern Lower California. ) 



Junco townsendi, adult male and female (p. 293) 

 ii. Wing less (usually much less) than 71.12, averaging 68.83. 



Junco oreganus pinosus, adult female (p. 289) 



hh. Maxilla more or less dusky, decidedly darker than mandible; 



exposed culmen not less than 12.70. (Guadalupe Island, Lower 



California.) Junco insularis, male and female (p. 293) 



gg. Throat and chest very pale gray, sometimes almost grayish white; 

 sides and flanks ochraceous-buff or cinnamon-buff; maxilla dusky, 

 mandible yellow; iris orange-yellow. (Southern Lower California.) 

 Junco bairdi, adult male and female (p. 294) 

 ff. Pileum and hindneck more or less brown. (Winter females and imma- 

 ture males of preceding forms, to be distinguished by additional 

 characters given above. ) 

 dd. Sides and flanks gray or olivaceous. 



e. Interscapulars (but not scapulars, wing-coverts, nor tertials), cinnamon- 

 rufous or rusty; mandible pinkish; iris brown. 

 /. Maxilla light-colored (pinkish or lilaceous-white in life), like mandible; 

 anterior and lateral under parts deeper ash gray; bill smaller (exposed 

 culmen averaging 10.92). (Mountains of southern Wyoming, Utah, 

 Nevada, and northern New Mexico in summer; south to northern 



Mexico in winter.) Junco caniceps, adult male and female (p. 295) 



ff. Maxilla blackish ; anterior and lateral under parts paler gray ; bill larger 

 (exposed culmen averaging 11.94). (Mountains of New Mexico and 

 central Arizona in summer, south to northern Mexico in winter. ) 



Junco dorsalia, adult male and female (p. 297) 

 ee. Interscapulars, greater wing-coverts, and tertials cinnamon-rufou.s, rusty 

 brown, or olive-brown; mandible vellow; iris yellow. 



