BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 325 



buffy whitish) on terminal margins; tertials dusky, broadlj' edged on 

 outer web with brownish buffy or light Isabella color, paler on inner- 

 most feathers; primaries gj-ayish dusky, narrowly edged with very 

 pale buff J' grayish; auricular region light buffy brown or pale wood 

 brown, margined above by a distinct postocular streak o'f dusky brown 

 and below by a supramalar streak of the same; malar I'egion dull white 

 or buffy whitish, margined below by a more or less distinct dusky or 

 brownish streak along each side of throat; under parts dull whitish, 

 tinged pale grayish buffj' on chest, sides, and flanks; maxilla brown with 

 dusky tip; mandible paler brown; legs and feet very pale brownish. 



Adults in vrinter. — Similar to the summer plumage, but black streaks 

 on crown narrower, never (?) exceeding the brown ones in width, and 

 plumage more tinged with buffy. 



Immature (young in first winter?). — Decidedly more buffy than 

 adults, the back and scapulars with the ground color nearly the same 

 light wood brown or Isabella color as the pileum, the latter with the 

 paler median stripe indistinct and buffy instead of grayish, and the 

 black streaks narrower; chest decidedly buffy. 



Young. — Essentially like the immature plumage described above, 

 but chest streaked with blackisb, the ground color of back, etc. , more 

 buffy, and the larger wing-coverts and tertials broadly margined with 

 buff. 



Adult male.— \i&v^gi\i. (skins), 117.86-137.41 (126.75); wing, 59.44r- 

 63.25 (61.21); tail, 55.37-61.98 (58.42); exposed culmen, 8.64-9.91 

 (9.40); depth of bill at base (three specimens), 5.33-5.84 (5.59); tarsus, 

 17.53-18.03 (17.78); middle toe, 12.19-13.21 (12.45).' 



Adult female.— Length (skins), 117.86-133.35(125.73); wing, 57.91- 

 63.75 (60.45); tail, 52.83-60.96 (57.40); exposed culmen, 8.89-9.91 

 (9.40); depth of bill atbase, 5.08-5.59 (5.33); tarsus, 16.76-18.03(17.53); 

 middle toe, 11.68-12.70 (12.19).' 



Great plains of ^Jorth America, from eastern base of Eocky Moun- 

 tains to prairie districts of the upper Mississippi Valley; breeding 

 from eastern Colorado,^ Nebraska, Iowa, and northwestern Illinois 

 northward to the plains of the Saskatchewan (to Fort Kae ?) ; south- 

 ward in winter through Kansas, Texas, southern New Mexico, and 

 Arizona to Cape St. Lucas, Lower California, and over Mexican 

 plateau to States of Chihuahua, Guanajuato, Puebla (Chalchicomula), 

 and Oaxaca (Huajuapan) ; casual or occasional during migration in 

 western Indiana (Terre Haute), Michigan (Washtenaw County), and 

 Ontario (London). 



^ Eight specimens. 



2 Lieut. 0. A. H. McCaaley records '^Spizella pallida breweri" as hreeding in varions 

 localities in northern Texas (Red River Canon, Palo Duro, and Red River Valley), 

 but this may be an error; certainly the species was not S. breweri if obtained during 

 the breeding season. {See Bulletin, U. S. Geological and Geographical Survey of 

 the Territories, iii, 1877, 664. ) 



