BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 329 



(Colorado, 6,000-9,000 ft). — Salvin and Godman, Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, 

 i, 1886, 379 (Ciudad Durango; (iuaymas). — American Ornithologists' 

 Union, C'heck List, 1886, no. .562. — Morcom, Bull. Eidgw. Orn. Club, no. 2, 

 1887, 49 (San Bernardino and San Diego rounties, California). — Merrill, 

 Auk, V, 1888,3.59 (Fort Klamath, e. Oregon, breeding; song). — Cooke, Bird 

 Migr. Miss. Val., 1888, 201 (Tom Green and Pecos counties, w. Texas, winter; 

 Cook Co., Texas, 1 spec, spring). — Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xii, 1888, 

 668 (Ciudad Durango, etc.). — Fannin, Check List Birds Brit. Columbia, 

 1891, 36 (e. side of Cascade INIts. and Rocky Mt. district). — Rhoads, Proc. 

 Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1893, 50, 63 (Ashcroft, int. British Columbia).— Jouy, 

 Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xvi, 1894, 779 (Falls of Juanacatlan, Jalisco, Jan. 31).— 

 Thorne, Auk, xii, 1895, 217 (Fort Keogh, Montana, breeding). — Dawson, 

 Auk, xiv, 1897, 178 (Okanogan Co., Washington). — Grinnell, Pub. ii, Pasa- 

 dena Acad. Sci., 1898, 37 (Los Angeles Co., California, 5,000-7,000 ft. in 

 summer, lowlands in winter). 



S-lpizella'] breweri CouES, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 1884, 381. — Ridgway, Man. 

 N. Am. Birds, 1887, 421. 



(?) Spizella breweri (?) Brewster, Am. Nat., viii, 1874, 366 (Massachusetts). 



ISpizella pallida.'] Var. brewerii Coues, Key N. Am. Birds, 1872, 143. 



Spizella pallida . . . var. breweri Coues, Check List, 1873, no. 180a. — Yarrow 

 and Henshaw, Rep. Orn. Spec. Wheeler's Surv., 1872 (1874), 14 (Provo, 

 Utah).— Henshaw, Rep. Orn. Spec. Wheeler's Sury., 1873 (1874) , 62 (Denver, 

 Colorado, May 17), 80 (Fort Garland, Colorado, May, June), 116 (Apache 

 and Gila R., Arizona, Aug., Sept.); Zool. Exp. W. 100th Merid., 1875,279 

 (localities in Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona; song). 



Spizella pallida var. breweri Ridgway, Bull. Essex Inst., v, Nov., 1873, 172 (Salt 

 Lake City, Utah, breeding), 182 (Colorado). — Baird, Brewer, and Ridg- 

 way, Hist. N. Am. Birds, ii, 1874, 13; iii, 1874, 514.— Allen, Proc. Bost. 

 Soc. N. H.,xvii, 1874, 58 (valleys of Yellowstone and Musselshell rivers, 

 Montana). 



[Zonotrichia'] breweri Gray, Hand-list, ii, 1870, 94, no. 7399. 



Spizella pallida breweri Goode, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., no. 20, 1883, 343. 



Genus ZONOTRICHIA Swainson. 



Zonotrichia Swainson, Fauna Bor.-Am., ii, 1831, 493. (Type, by elimination, 



Emberiza leucophrys Forster. ) 

 Zonitrichia (emendation ?) Bonaparte, Saggio, etc., 1832, 141. 



Rather large semi-arboreal Fringillidse, with the tail nearly or quite 

 as long as the wing, rounded or slightly double-rounded, the wing rather 

 long and pointed (eighth to sixth, or seventh to fifth, primaries longest), 

 the back conspicuously streaked with blackish, and (in adults) pileum 

 either wholly black or with two broad black bands inclosing a white, 

 gray, or partly yellow median band. 



Bill small (exposed culmen about half as long as tarsus, more or less), 

 compressed-conical (basal depth about equal to length of gonys, 

 decidedly greater than basal width) ; culmen slightly convex terminally 

 and basally, straight or faintly depressed in middle; gonys straight, 

 faintly convex terminally ; maxillary tomium faintly concave anteri- 

 orly (subterminal notch obsolete or wanting), then faintly convex, the 

 faintlj^ deflected basal portion nearly concealed by rictal feathers; 



