406 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



c. Middle wing-coverts narrowly tipped with white; throat white, with an 

 ochraceous band across middle. (Southwestern Mexico.) 



Pipilo rutilus, male and female (p. 428) 

 cc. Middle wing-coverts not tipped with white; throat not white. 

 d. Throat buf£ or cream-buff; abdomen distinctly white; under tail-coverts 

 tawny, ochraceous, or clay color. 

 c. Crown similar to back in color, or only slightly tinged with rusty. 

 /. Smaller (wing of adult male averaging 92.71). 



g. Darker (back, etc., dark hair brown or grayish sepia brown); flanks, 

 hair brown. (Pacific slope of Sierra Madre, in States of Mexico, 

 Michoacan, Jalisco, and Territory of Tepic. ) 



Pipilo fuscus fuscus, male and female (p. 430) 

 gg. Paler (back, etc., light brownish gray, flanks light buffy gray. 

 (Coast slope of southern Sonora and northern Sinaloa.) 



Fipilo fuscus intermedius, male and female (p. 432) 



ff. Larger (wing of male ad. averaging '95. 25). (Intermediate in color 



between P./. /itsats and P. /. intermedius.) (Central plateau of 



ilexico. ) Pipilo fuscus potosinus, male and female (p. 431) 



ee. Crown' decidedly (usually conspicuously) rufescent. 

 /. Throat uniform buffy; lower abdomen, hinder flanks, etc., tawny 

 ochraceous, like under tail-coverts; back, etc., paler, grayer. 

 (Northwestern Mexico, Arizona, New Mexico, etc. ) 



Pipilo fuscus mesoleucus, male and female (p. 432) 

 ff. Throat becoming more or less paler (usually distinctly whitish) pos- 

 teriorly; abdomen entirely white and flanks wholly grayish; back, 

 etc., darker, browner. (Southern Lower California.) 



Pipilo albigula, male and female (p. 433) 

 dd. Throat light cinnamon-rufous or deep ochraceous-buff ; abdomen not dis- 

 tinctly white; under tail-coverts deep tawny or cinnamon-rufous, 

 e. Larger (wing averaging 98.81 or more in male, 95.76 or more in female) ; 

 under parts browner. 

 /. Paler and browner above, with pileum distinctly rufescent; smaller 

 (wing averaging 98.81, tail 109.98, in adult male). (Central valleys 



of California.) Pipilo crissalis crissalis, male and female (p. 434) 



ff. Darker and grayer above, with pileum not distinctly rufescent; larger 

 (wing averaging 99.00, tail 111.00 in adult male). (Northwestern 



California.) Pipilo crissalis carolse, male and female (p. 435) 



ee. Smaller (wing averaging 94.23 in male, 87.88 in female); under parts 

 grayer. (Southern California, from San Diego and San Bernardino 

 counties to lat. 29° on west side of Lower California. ) 



Pipilo crissalis senioula, male and female (p. 436) 



PIPILO TORQUATUS TORQUATUS Du Bus. 

 COLLAKED TOWHEE. 



Ackilts {sexes alike). — Forehead black, usualljr divided by a median 

 line of white; rest of pileum cinnamon-rufous, margined laterally with 

 a narrow line of black; a broad superciliary stripe, malar region, chin, 

 throat, and median under parts, white; sides of head (loral, orbital, 

 suborbital, and auricular regions), and broad, sharply defined band 

 across chest, black; upper parts (exceot as described) uniform olive- 



