414 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Pipilo maculatus, var. arctimis Baied, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. Birds, 



ii, 1874, 119.— CoHES, Birds N. W., 1874, 175 (excl. syn. part).— Allen, Proc. 



Bost. Soc. N. H., xvii, 1874, 59 (North Dakota and eastern Montana). — 



Snow, Obs. Nature, iii, 1876 (Ellis, w. Kansas, Oct., Nov.). 



[PipUo maculatus var. areticus] c. arciicus Coues, Birds N. W. , 1874, 175 (synonymy) . 



Pipilo maculatus areticus CouES, Bull. TJ. S. Geol. Surv. Terr., iv, 1878, 599 (Souris 

 R., North Dakota; Quaking Asp E., e. Montana; notes) ; Check List, 2d ed., 

 1882, no. 304.— Ridgway, Nom. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 238.— (?) Drew, 

 Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vi, 1881, 139 (San Juan Co., Colorado).— (?) Merrill, 

 Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vi, 1881, 206 (Big Horn Mts., etc., Montana; habits; 

 descr. nest and eggs). — Beckham, Auk, ii, 1885, 142 (Pueblo, Colorado). — 

 Agersborg, Auk, ii, 1885, 282 (s. e. South Dakota). — American Ornitholo- 

 gists' Union, Check List, 1886, no. 588.— Cooke, BirdMigr. Miss. Val., 1888, 

 214 (localities and dates) ; Birds Colorado, 1897, 107 (Colorado east of moun- 

 tains, winter resident). — Goss, Birds Kansas, 1891, 482 (winter resid., rare 

 in e. Kansas, common in mid. and w. Kansas). — Attwater, Auk, ix, 1892, 

 339 (San Antonio, Texas, winter). — Richmond and Knowlton, Auk, xi, 

 1894, 306 (s. centr. Montana, breeding).— Thobne, Auk, xii, 1895,217 (Fort 

 Keogh, Montana, breeding). — (?) Dawson, Auk, xiv, 1897, 178 (Okanogan 

 Co., e. Washington, 1 spec. Feb. 24). 



P.[ipilo] m.laculatusl areticus Coues, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed, 1884, 396. 



P. [ipito] maculatus areticus Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 437. 



[Pipilo maculatus.^ Subsp. a. Pipilo arciicus Shaepe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xii, 

 1888, 748. 



[Pipilo areticus.] Variety sub-arcticus Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 

 515, in text (Fort Pierre, Nebraska, etc.; U. S. Nat. Mus.). 



Pipilo maculatus . . . var. megalonyx {not -Pipilo megalonyx Baird) Yarrow 

 and Henshaw, Rep. Orn. Spec. Wheeler's Surv., 1872 (1874), 15, part 

 (Provo, Utah, Dec.).— Henshaw, Zool. Exp. W. 100th Merid., 1875, 303, 

 part (Toquerville, North Creek, and Provo, Utah, Oct. 24 to Nov. 30). 



Pi2nlo maculatus megalonyx Brown, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vii, 1882, 39, part 

 (Kendall Co., Texas; crit.). — Brewster, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, viii, 1883, 

 191, part (Colorado Springs, Colorado; crit.). — Beckham, Proc. U. S. Nat. 

 Mus., X, 1888, 679 (San Antonio, Leon Springs, Beeville,and Corpus Christi, 

 Texas, winter) . 



PIPILO MACULATUS MAGNIROSTRIS Brewster. 

 MOTINTAIN TOWHEE, 



Similar to P. m. megalonyx but wing and tail decidedly shorter, 

 bill larger, hind claw averaging larger, white on outermost tail-feathers 

 decidedly more extensive, and color of sides and flanks much paler 

 (buff-tawny instead of deep cinnamon-rufous). 



Adult male. — Upper parts decidedly less uniform and more brownish 

 black than in P. m . megalonyx, the rump with more or less admixture of 

 olive-grayish or brownish (usually mostly of this color) and the back 

 usua% more or less tinged with the same; length (two skins), 195.58- 

 203.20 (199.39); wing, 86.09-92.20 (average 88.65); tail, 88.90-101.60 

 (95.76); exposed culmen, 13.97-16.49 (14.99); tarsus, 27.69-30.48 (28.45); 



