BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 



419 



25.65-29.97 (27.69); middle toe, 18.03-20.83 (19.30); hind claw, 11.43- 

 13.97 (12.70); white on lateral tail-feather, 16.76-23.88 (19.30).' 



San Clemente Island (also Santa Catalina, Santa Cruz, and Santa 

 Rosa islands?), Santa Barbara group, southern California. 



Pipilo megdlonyx {not of Baird) Coopek, Orn. Oal., 1870, 242, part (San Cle- 

 mente and Santa Catalina islands, California) . 



Pipilo maculaius megalonyx Townsend, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xiii, 1890, 140 (San 

 Clemente Island; Santa Rosa Island), 141 (Santa Cruz Island). — Grinnell, 

 Auk, XV, 1898, 235 (Santa Catalina Island). 



Pipilo elementx Gkinnell, Auk, xiv, July, 1897, 294 (Smugglers Cove, San Cle- 

 mente Island, Santa Barbara group, California; U. S. Nat. Mus.) ; Pub. i, 

 Pasadena Ac. Sci., 1897, 19 (habits, notes, etc.). 



Pipilo maculatus clementse American OiiNiTHOLOGiSTs' Union Committee, Auk, 

 xvi, ,Ian., 1899, 120 (Check List No. 588c). 



PIPILO MACULATUS ATRATUS Ridgway. 



SAN DIEGO TOWHEE. 



Similar to P. in. megalonyx but decidedly darker, with white mark- 

 ings of wings, tail, etc. , more restricted; adult male continuously deep 

 black above (except for the usual white markings), even the rump 

 being deep black instead of more or less conspicuously grayish; adult 

 female with throat and chest very dark clove brown or sooty black, 

 and general color of upper parts deep clove brown. 



' Twelve specimens. 



Specimens from different islands compare in average measurements as follows: 



Locality. 



Depth 

 of bill 



at 

 base. 



Tarsus, 



Length 

 of white 

 on out- 

 ermost 



tail- 

 feather. 



ALES. 



Six adultmales from San Clemente 

 Four adult males from Santa 



Catalina -. ". 



Tour adult males from Santa Cruz. 

 One adult male from Santa Rosa. . 



FEMALES. 



Three adultfemales from San Cle- 

 mente 



Three adult females from Santa 

 Catalina 



Four adult females from Santa 

 Cruz 



Two adult females from Santa 

 Rosa 



28.96 



28.96 

 27.43 



29,21 

 28. 19 

 27.69 

 25.91 



24.89 

 23.88 



19,56 

 21.84 

 22.86 

 16.76 



I have referred the birds from Santa Catalina, Santa Cruz, and Santa Rosa to the 

 San Clemente form provisionally only, the series being insufficient to demonstrate 

 ■whether there are any constant local differences or not. 



