54 



PB ACTIO AL GUIDE TO GARDEN PLANTS 



ninety years ago ; but specimens from which the drawings were made 

 were exhibited a few years ago in London to show the difference 

 between the ordinary system of grafting and the improved one. Fig. 123 

 shows a graft inserted in a much thicker stock. The rind or bark, 

 however, is not cut away from the graft, but is carried over the head 

 of the stock, and is inserted under the bark on the opposite side. This 

 is the only difference in the two operations, the tying up and waxing or 

 claying being done as usual. The result of the union is shown, how- 

 ever, in fig. 124. This shows that a cushion of tissue and bark his, 

 formed over the head of the stock, and has thus protected it from 

 decay owing to possible moisture, fungoid diseases &c. In fig. 125 



pia. 123. 



no. 124. 



no. 125. 



the result of inserting a graft in the ordinary way is shown. The 

 union is perfect enough, but the central cylinder of wood in the stock 

 has not been covered over by the bark, and is thus left exposed to the 

 weather, and may sooner or later decay. This, of course, means danger 

 to the graft, although it may not take place for several years. 



(e) Side Grafting consists in inserting a graft sideways into the 

 branch or trunk of a tree chiefly to fill up a vacant space. The scion 

 may have either shooting buds on last year's growth and be inserted 

 in April, or may have dormant buds on the current year's wood and be 

 inserted about August or September, to develop the following year. 

 The practise of inserting dormant fruit-buds has been tried in France 

 and England, and the advocates of it claim that magnificent fruit has 

 been obtained thereby. (See figs. 130, 131, p. 59.) 



(/) Veneer Grafting is practised in spring or autumn, preferably the 

 former, chiefly with evergreen trees and shrubs. The corresponding 

 sides of the stock and graft are cut obliquely about 1 in. long, fitted 

 together, tied, and placed in a close frame. The leaves of the scion are 



