14 



PBAGTIGAL GUIDE TO GARDEN PLANTS 



Polysepalous, with separate sepals. 

 Pome, the name given to such finits as the 



Apple and Pear. In 



fig. 88 St represents 



the remains of the 



stamens in the ' eye ' 



(e) of the fruit ; ct 



shows the calyx tube ; 



en the endooarp (core) 



within which are the 



seeds s ; the fleshy 



edible part is repre- 

 sented at m (meso- 



earp), and ep the epi- ™- ss.-pome. 



carp. 

 Pores, small, often roundish, holes. 

 PraecoXj flowering early. 

 Pratensis, growing in meadows. 

 Prickles, hardened epidermal appendages 



resembling thorns, but not woody (see 



aculeate, fig. 3). 

 Procumbent, Prostrate, lying on the ground. 

 Prothallium or Prothallus, the flat deep 



green body resulting 



from the germination 



of a fern spore, and 



bearing male and 



female organs as ex- 

 plained at p. 1009. In 



fig. 89 the prothallium 



is shown at p, from 



the under surface of 



which are given oft 



the rhizoids or root- 

 like hairs, rh ; and the 



first fern frond /, after fertilisation has 



taken place. 

 Protoplasm, the living jelly-like contents of 



plant ceBs (see p. 22). 

 Pubescence, Pubescent, with closely ad- 

 pressed down. 

 Pulverulent, covered with fine powdery 



matter. 

 Pumilus, short and dense in habit. 

 Punctate, having minute spots on the sur- 

 face. 

 Putamen, the hard part or shell of stone 



fruit, like the Almond, Peach, Cherry, 



Plum (fig. 52, s). 

 Pyramidal, nearly in the 



shape of a pyramid, as 



shown at p. 1035. 

 Pyriform, Pear-shaped. 

 Pyxidium, a seed-pod or 



capsule opening hori- 

 zontally by means of a 



lid, as in many plants of 



the Primula and Sola- 



nam orders. In fig. 90, 



represents the oper- 

 culum or lid ; s the 



•seeds; and c the calyx supporting the 



capsule. 



ma. 89.— 



PBOTHAIXIUM. 



FIG. 91. — ^BACEHE. 



Quadrifoliate, with four leaflets diverging 

 from the same point, as in Paris quadri- 

 foUa (p. 880). 



Quinate, arranged in fives, as the leaflets of 

 Akehia guvnata (p. 179). 



Raceme, a spike with stalked flowers, as 

 that of the Laburnum, Currant, Wallflower 

 &c. (fig. 91) ; b repre- 

 sents a bract ; ped the 

 stalklet or pedicel of the 

 individual flower ; and 

 p the peduncle or main 

 stalk of aU the flowers 

 in the raceme. 



Racemose, flowering in a 

 raceme. 



Rachis, the central stem 

 of some kinds of infio- 

 resoence. The stalk of 

 the frond of Perns above the lowest pinnae. 



Radical, springing from just above the 

 root, said of the leaves of many low-grow- 

 ing tufted plants. 



Radicle, the first root of a young plant 

 emerging from the seed (fig. 48, r ). 



Ramosus, much branched. 



Ray, parts diverging in a circle from a cen- 

 tral point. Ray-florets are the outer strap- 

 shaped ones, as in the Daisy and many 

 other Composite plants. 



Receptacle, the dilated top of the stalk 

 bearing the flowers in Composites (see 

 Torus). 



Recurved, bent moderately backwards. 



Reflexed, bent considerably backwards. 



Reg^ar, all the parts of each series of a 

 flower alike, as in figs. 40, 59, 63, &c. 



Reniform, transversely oval, but broadly 

 cordate at the base ; kidney-shaped 

 (fig. 92). 



Repens, creeping. 



Reticulate, forming a network. 



: — HBNIFORM. 



Retuse, abruptly blunt with a notch in the 



middle (fig. 93). 

 Revolute, rolled back, as towards the under 



side of a leaf. 

 Rhizome, a thiokish prostrate more or less 



subterranean stem producing roots and 



leafy shoots, as in Irises, Solomon's Seal 



&c. 



