PB ACTIO AL GUIDE TO GABDEN PLANTS 



Ensiform, sword-sliaped, as the leaves of 



Iris, Gladiolus &e. 

 Entire, said of leaves, petals, sepals not 



toothed nor lobed, nor divided at the edge. 



FIG. 63. — EMARGINATE. 



FIG. 64.— BPJCALYX. 



Epicalyx, the term applied to the secondary 

 calyx or sepals, as seen in Strawberries and 

 Mallows. In fig. 54, e shows the epicalyx ; 

 c, the calyx (or sepals) proper ; and p the 

 petals. 



Epidermis, the skin of a leaf or stem im- 

 mediately underlying the cuticle. 



Epigynous, when the parts of a flower are 

 apparently seated on the ovary (fig. 55). 



Fin. 55. — EPIGYNOUS. FIG. 66. — EPIPETALODS. 



EpipetalouSgWhen the stamens are seated on 



the petals or coroUa, as in Primroses (fee. 



(fig. 56). 

 Equitant, overlapping each other, as the 



leaves of the Iris. 

 Erose, irregularly cut, as if gnawed, some- 

 what as represented in fig. 95. 

 Etserio, a fruit composed of several drupels, 



as in the Blackberry. 

 Exogenous, growing by additions to the 



circumference. This term was formerly 



used instead of Dicotyledonous. 

 Exserted, projecting beyond, as stamens 



protruding beyond the corolla or petals, as 



in figs. 55 and 56. 

 Exstipulate, without stipules. 

 Extrorse, applied to anthers which shed the 



pollen outwards, or away from the pistil. 



Falcate, sickle-shaped, applied to leaves 

 like some of the Eucalyptuses. 



Fasciated, a term applied to stems which 

 become abnormally flattened, and bear an 

 extraordinary number of flowers or leaves, 

 as is often seen in Asparagus and in LiUum 

 auratum. 



Fascicle, a cyme or crowded cluster of 



flowers placed on short pedicels of nearly 



equal length, as in Sweet WiUiam and 



other Pinks. 

 Fasciculate, when several similar parts are 



collected into a bundle and spring from 



the same spot. 

 Fastigiate, applied to the branches of a 



tree when they are erect and close, like a 



tapering birch broom, as in the upright 



Cypress and Lombardy Poplar. 

 Fimbriate, fringed at the margin, like the 



petals of Carnations, Sweet Williams, and 



other Pinks, as shown in fig. 30. 

 Fistular, applied to the hollow stems and 



leaves of plants, as in many of the Umbelli- 



ferte. 

 Flaccid, weak, flabby, as when leaves droop 



for want of water. 

 Flavus, ilavidus, pale yeUow. 

 Flexuose, zigzag, usually changing its direc- 

 tion at each joint, like the branches of 



many trees, the Beech &a. 

 Floccose, with little tufts like wool. 

 Florets, the small flowers of Composite 



plants (fig. 25, /). 

 Fluitans, floating. 

 Fluviatilis, aquatic. 

 Follicle, an inflated 1-celled carpel, opening 



by a suture to which several 



seeds are attached, as in 



TroUius, Delphinium, Pse- 



onia (fig. 57). 

 Free, separate, not joined 



together or with any other 



organ. 

 Frond, the leaf-like part of 



Perns, whether simple or 



divided. 

 Fruit, the seed-vessel or ovary 



with its ripe contents 



(seeds) and any external appendages. 

 Frutex, Frutescent, Fruticose, a shrub, 



shrubby; a woody plant destitute of a 



trunk, and branching from the base, or 



nearly so. 

 Fugacious, soon falling off, like the cap on 



the flower-bud of Eschsoholtzia, the sepals 



and petals of Poppies &c. 

 Fulvus, dull yeUow, buff. 

 Funnel-shaped, tubular below, but gradually 



enlarging upwards, Uke the flowers of some 



Convolvuluses (fig. 66). 

 Furcate, forked. 

 Fuscus, brownish. 

 Fusiform, spindle-shaped, thick tapering to 



each end, like the root of a long Radish. 



Galbalus, the fleshy and ultimately woody 

 cone of Junipers and Cypresses. 



Galeate, shaped like a helmet, as the upper 

 segment of the flower of Monkshood (fig. 



