GLOSSARY 



by biaots, as in Alders, Birches, Hazels, 

 Willows (fig. 7). 



Caulicle, a little stem ; the name sometimes 

 given to the rudimentary stem in dicotyle- 

 donous seedlings. 



Cauline, belonging to or produced from the 

 stem. 



Cell, seep. 22. 



Centrifug^al, applied to those forms of in- 

 florescence whose terminal or central 

 flowers open first. 



Centripetal, flowering from the base or 

 circumference towards the centre or tip, 

 as in Wallflowers. 



Cernuus, drooping, pendant. 



Chaffy, covered with minute membranous 



Channelled, hollowed somewhat like a gutter 

 on the upper surface of leaves or down the 

 stem. 



Chlorophyll, see p. 33. 



Chryso, in compounds, signifies golden- 

 yellow, as Chrysanthus. 



Cilia, Ciliate, hairs placed like eyelashes on 

 the edge of leaves, petals &e. 

 (fig. 111). 



Circinate, rolled up from the top 

 towards the base like a cro- 

 sier, as with the unfolding 

 fronds of Ferns (fig. 29). 



Circumscissile, divided by a 

 circular slit or opening round 

 the sides, as shown in fig. 90. 



Cladodes, leaf-like branches, as 

 in Butcher's Broom, p. 810. 



Clavate, club-shaped, a body 

 which is slender at the base 

 and gradually thickening upwards. 



Claw, the narrow and suddenly contracted 

 base of a petal (fig. 30). c represents the 

 claw proper, b the blade, and s the scales 

 often seen in many flowers of the Pink 

 order (p. 238). 



Cleft, deeply cut, but not to the midrib. 



Coccineus, scarlet or carmine tinged with 

 yellow. 



riG. 30.— CLAW. 



FIG. 31. — COCCI. 



Coccus, Cocci, the separable carpels or nutlets 

 of a dry fruit, as in Pelargoniums and Ge- 

 raniums (fig. 31, shown at s). 



Cohering, the attachment of similar parts, 

 as the petals forming a gamo- or mono- 



petalous corolla ; and when the filaments of 



stamens are united. 

 Column, a term more particularly used to 



denote the united sta- 

 mens and pistils in 



the Orchid family 



(p. 890). In fig. 32 st 



represents the stig- 



matio surface in a 



hollow on to which the 



pollinia (one of which 



is shown at p) must 



be placed to produce seeds. At a is shown 



the covering or lid over the poUinia. 

 Comose, furnished with hairs at the end, as 



some seeds like those of the Composite 



order. 

 Compound, formed of many similar parts, 



as the leaves of Thalictrums, Aquilegias, 



Horse Chestnut, Acacia &c. 

 Compressed, flattened laterally. 

 Conical, narrowing to a point from a broad 



circular base. 

 Connate, when two 



similar parts are 



slightly connected 



round the stem, as the 



leaves of some Loni- 



ceras (fig. 33). 

 Connective, the rib or 



part of the filament 



between the anther- 

 cells, often produced, 



asjn Paris quadrifolia (fig. 9, c). 

 Contorted, in sestivation, when one edge of 



a petal or sepal is covered and the other 



tree or exposed ; twisted. 

 Convolute, in sestivation or vernation, when 



one part is rolled up within another 

 lengthwise. 

 Cordate, with two rounded lobes at the base, 



heart-shaped (fig. 34). 

 Coriaceous, leathery, tough. 



FIG. 33.— CONNATE. 



FIG. 34. — CORDATE. 



FIG. 35. — COBM. 



Corm, a fleshy bulb-like, solid, not scaly, 

 underground stem, as in Crocus, Gladiolus, 

 Cyclamen. See fig. 35, which represents 

 the corm of a Crocus, the young one {yc) 

 being above the old one (oc). 



Corolla, the whorl of floral leaves, called 



