PODOPHYLLUM 



WATEB-LILY OBDEB 



NUPHAE 185 



seedlings are large enough to handle may 

 he transplanted to their permanent 

 positions. 



PODOPHYLLUM (May Apple ; 

 Mandrake). — A genus of two species of 

 perennial herbs with creeping rootstocks 

 and thick fibrous roots. Leaves peltate, 

 palmately nerved and lobed, one or two on 

 the stems. Flowers white, solitary, ter- 

 minal, shortly stalked, nodding. Sepals 6, 

 petal-like. Petals 6-9, flat, larger than 

 the sepals. Stamens as many or twice as 

 many as petals, &ee. Carpel 1, with a 

 dilated peltate stigma. Fruit an indehis- 

 cent berry. 



Culture and Propagation. — The 

 Podophyllums thrive in moist, peaty soil 

 in warm, sheltered and somewhat shady 

 spots. They may be increased by seeds 

 sown as soon as ripe in sandy peat, in 

 pots or pans, and sheltered in cold frames. 

 The following spring the seedlings may 

 be given more room to develop, and by 

 autumn or the next spring will probably 

 be fit for placing in the open border or 

 rockery. Plants may also be raised by 

 dividing the rootstock in early autumn or 

 spring, the latter being on the whole the 

 most suitable period. 



P. Emodi {Si/malayam, Mcmj-Apple)., 

 An erect Indian plant 6-12 in. high, with 

 2 alternate long-stalked leaves 6-10 in. 

 across, 3-5-lobed to the middle or base, 

 lobes wedge-shaped, sharply toothed. 



the whole surface being heavily spotted 

 or washed with purple Flowers in May, 

 less than 2 in. across with very deciduous 

 sepals, and 6 (occasionally 4) obovate ob- 

 long petals. Berries red, 1-2 in. long, 

 elliptical, edible. 



Culture So. as above. 



P. peltatum (American Mandrahe). — A 

 North American plant 6-12 in. high, with 

 poisonous leaves and roots. The glossy 

 g>'een wrinkled leaves are 5-9-parted, with 

 oblong, rather wedge-shaped toothed lobes. 

 The fiowerless stems end in a large round 

 7-9-lobed peltate leaf, like an umbrella ; 

 the flowering stems have 2 one-sided leaves 

 with the staJk near the inner edge. The 

 waxy -white flowers as large as those of the 

 Christmas Eose appear in May, and have 

 12-18 stamens in centre. The green 

 crab-like fi:'uits, which are 1-2 in. long, 

 sweet, and slightly acid, edible, ripen in 

 July, and assume a yellowish tinge with 

 age. 



Culture dc. as above. 



P. pleianthura. — A distinct and very 

 interesting Chinese species 1-2 ft. high, 

 with roundish peltate leaves, divided into 

 6-8 triangular toothed lobes. The floral 

 leaf stems are forked, and from the axil 

 are produced large bunches of drooping 

 purple flowers, which in due course are 

 succeeded by glaucous-green berries 1-2 

 in. long, becoming purple when ripe. 



Culture do. as above. 



VII. NYMPHiEACEiE— Water-Lily Order 



Herbaceous plants growing in lakes, pools, ponds, ditches, or slow-flowing 

 rivers, at the bottom of which their fleshy rootstocks are embedded in the 

 mud, and their large long-stalked heart-shaped or peltate leaves float on the 

 surface of the water. The usually large, beautiful, and often sweet-scented 

 flowers also either float on the surface or are slightly raised above the water. 

 There are usually 4 sepals, free or rarely adherent. Petals and stamens 

 numerous, sometimes all free and hypogynous, often passing gradually one into 

 another. The ovary is many-celled, with radiating stigmas, and numerous 

 ovules, and is more or less surrounded by a large fleshy disc. 



NUPHAR (Yellow Watee-Lily; 

 Brandy-Bottle). — A small genus with 

 three or four species, natives of the 

 northern temperate hemisphere. The 

 flowers are rather large and yellow, with 

 5-6 concave, leathery, hypogynous sepals, 

 and numerous smaU stamen-hke petals. 

 Stamens numerous, shorter than the 

 sepals, hypogynous, closely imbricated. 



Stigma peltate, rayed. Fruit a berry of 

 separable carpels, ripening above water. 



The Brandy-Bottles are lovely water 

 plants, requiring the same conditions as 

 the Water-Lilies proper, which see. ' 



N. advena (Nymjohcea advena). — A 

 beautiful native of the lakes, ponds, and 

 ditches of N. America from Canada to 

 Carolina. Leaves erect, heart-shaped, 



