408 



PB ACTIO AL GUIDE TO QABDEN PLANTS ceatjsgtjs 



sant aroma. The variety lusitanica, the 

 ^Portugal Quince, has larger leaves and 

 fruit, and is a good stock for Pears. 



Culture dc. as above. See also Quince, 

 p. 1085. 



CRATAEGUS (Hawthorn ; White- 

 thorn; May; Quick). — A genus with 65 

 species of beautiful deciduous trees and 

 shrubs, often spiny. Leaves simple, lobed 

 or pinnately cut. Flowers in terminal 

 corymbose cymes. Calyx tube urn- 

 shaped or beU-shaped, 5-lobed. Petals 5. 

 Staraens many. Fruit ovoid or globose, 

 with hard bony cells or stones. 



Culture cmd Propagation. — All the 

 Hawthorns thrive in any fairly good soU, 

 and the following kinds are aU more or 

 less worth growing when space can be 

 found for them, although the white and 

 red May trees are sure to be the first 

 favourites. Most of the kiuds are in- 

 creased by budding or grafting on the 

 common Hawthorn which may be raised 

 from seeds sown either in drills or beds, 

 after the pulp surrounding the bony 

 ' seeds ' has been rotted away. It is, 

 however, more satisfactory to obtain well- 

 established young trees from a nursery- 

 man. 



C. apiifolia A native of the United 



States 8-10 ft. high. Leaves deltoid, 5-7- 

 cleft, acutely lobed and toothed. Flowers 

 in May and June, white. Fruits deep 

 red, ovoid. 



Culture dc, as above. 



C. Azarolus.— A tree 15-20 ft. high, 

 native of S. Europe. Leaves downy, 

 trifid, with blunt, coarsely toothed lobes. 

 Flowers in May, white, sweet-scented. 

 Fruit red or yellow, ovoid globose, agree- 

 able when ripe. 



Culture do. as above. 



C. Carrierei. — A handsome Thorn of 

 hybrid origin with oblong wedge-shaped 

 serrate leaves and clusters of large white 

 flowers in May, succeeded by large scarlet 

 fruits resembling Cherries in autumn. 



Culture dc. as above. 



C. coccinea (8ca/rlet-fruited Thorn). 

 A native of the United States, 20-30 ft. 

 high. Leaves roundish-ovate, sharply 

 toothed and cut, smooth. Flowers in 

 May, white. Fruit bright coral-red, ovoid, 

 large. Among the several varieties the 

 best known are corallma, glamdulosa, 

 mdentata, macracantha (with long curved 



spines), maxima, minor, neapoUtamaaxiA 

 subvillosa. 



Culture dc. as above. In France C. 

 coccinea has been found to be a much 

 superior stock to the Coromon "White 

 Thorn for grafting or budding purposes. 

 It might be well to try it in the United 

 Kingdom, especially as it can be quickly 

 raised from seeds. 



C. cordata (0. popuUfoUa). — Wash- 

 ington Thorn. — A native of the United 

 States 6-10 ft. high. Leaves broadly 

 ovate or triangular, mostly truncate or 

 slightly cordate at the base. Flowers in 

 May and June, white. Fruit red, very 

 small, roundish. 



Culture dc. as above. 



C. crenulata. — A beautiful evergreen 

 Thorn, native of the Himalayas. The 

 somewhat drooping branches are thickly 

 furnished with bright green crenulate 

 leaves. The white flowers appear in May 

 and are succeeded by large clusters of 

 brilliant scarlet haws in autumn and 

 winter. 



Culture dc. as above. In unfavoured 

 parts of the kingdom it is safer to grow 

 this species on a south wall, although in 

 the south and west it may be grown as a 

 bush. It reqmres little or no pruning for 

 several years. 



C. Crus-Galli {C. lucida). — Coclcapur 

 Thorn. — A North American tree 10-30 ft. 

 high, remarkable for its very long spines. 

 Flowers in May, white tinged with red. 

 Fruit scarlet, eatable. The variety linearis 

 has Uuear lance-shaped leaves, and few 

 shorter spines ; nana, ovate lance-shaped 

 leaves ; ovaUfolia, ovate rather hairy 

 leaves, semi-cordate serrate stipules, and 

 white flowers ; prunifolia, broadly ovate, 

 unequally toothed leaves, white flowers ; 

 pyracanthifoUa, oblong lance-shaped. 

 Willow-like leaves ; and splendsns, with 

 obovate wedge-shaped leaves. 



Culture dc. as above. 



C. Douglasi. — A native of N.W. 

 America, 10-15 ft. high, with rigid spines. 

 Leaves obovate or oval, doubly serrate, 

 smooth. Flowers in May, white. Fruit 

 dark purple, almost black, small. 



Culture dc. as above. 



C. flava (C. caroKniana ; C. glandu- 

 losa). — A tree 12-20 ft. high, native of the 

 United States. Leaves obovate wedge- 

 shaped, somewhat lobed, crenate- serrate ; 

 stipules heart-shaped. Flowers in May, 



