ABALIA 



IVY OBDEB 



AEALIA 469 



tral umbel nearly sessile ; side ones small, 

 stalked ; involucre wanting. 

 Culture <tc. as above. 



F. glauca. — A beautiful plant 6-8 ft. 

 high, native of S. Europe. Leaves glaucous 

 beneath, with linear, elongated, flat leaflets. 

 Flowers in June, yellow ; side umbels on 

 longer stalks than the central one ; invo- 

 lucre absent. 



Culture Ac. as above. 



F. tingitana. — ^A native of N. Africa 

 6-8 ft. high. Leaves shining, with deeply 

 toothed, oblong lance-shaped leaflets. 

 Flowers in June ; side umbels few, on 

 longer stalks than the central ones. 



Culture do. as above. 



HERACLEUM (Cow Parsnip; Hag- 

 weed). — A genus containing 70 species of 

 taU, strong, coarse-growing, more or less 

 hairy biennial or perennial herbs, with 

 large, broadly lobed, pinnate or ternately 

 dissected leaves, and flowers in large, com- 

 pound, many-rayed umbels. Calyx teeth 

 absent, or more or less conspicuous. 

 Petals wedge-shaped, rhomboid, or 

 clawed, notched or deeply 2-lobed, points 

 incurved. Fruit roundish obovoid or ob- 

 long-flattened. 



Cultwre and Propagation. — Hera- 

 cleums are essentially plants for the wild 

 garden. They wUl grow in any poor soil 

 and seem to be as much at home among 

 brick rubbish as on the banks of streams 

 or ponds. They may be increased by 

 seeds sown in the open border when ripe 

 or in spring, or by division Ln early 

 autumn or spring, but will reproduce 

 themselves from seed if left alone. 



Some very fine plants of n. gigamteum 

 (or villosum) — the ' Cartwheel Flower ' 

 — were growing in June 1899 among the 

 rubbish around Westminster Cathedral, 

 London. They were 6-10 ft. high, with 

 green and purplish stems 2-3 in. in 

 diameter, with large lobed spreading 

 leaves. Many of the umbels of white 

 flowers were as much as 18 in. across, the 

 stalks of each little umbel radiating 

 upwards from the main stalk like the 

 spokes of a wheel or the ribs of an um- 

 brella turned inside out. 



Thereare several other species, such as 

 setoswm, sibiricum, emdnens &c., but they 

 are somewhat confused, and none have 

 such a fine aspect as gigamtewm, although 

 the Persian H. persicvmt and the Cau- 

 casian H. pubescens are also noble-looking 

 plants. 



LVI. ARALIACEiE— Ivy Order 



An order containing about 40 genera and 340 species of erect or climbing 

 trees or shrubs, rarely herbs, often clothed with a starry down, occasionally 

 spiny. Leaves alternate or rarely opposite, entire, toothed, lobed, or palmately 

 or pinnately divided. Stipules various, rarely none. Flowers regular, herma- 

 phrodite, polygamous, or rarely dioecious, in heads, umbels, racemes, or panicles. 

 Calyx tube adnate to the ovary. Petals 3 or more, often 5, usually valvate. 

 Stamens as many as petals, rarely more. Ovary inferior, 1- or more celled. 

 Fruit a drupe or berry. 



species described below are the only ones 

 more or less hardy in the British Islands. 

 They thrive in a deep, rich, well-drained 

 loam, and should be planted in sheltered 

 sunny spots. In northern parts the plants 

 may require protection with a little canvas 

 or matting in hard winters. They have 

 a very graceful and ornamental aspect, 

 and lend a somewhat tropical appearance 

 to the garden. Most of the species may 

 be increased by seeds sown as sooii as 

 ripe or in spring in cold frames ; or by root 

 and stem cuttings 2-3 in. long in sandy 

 soil in heat in early spring. Some kind's 



ARALIA. — A genus containing about 

 30 species of smooth or downy, bristly or 

 spiny shrubs or herbs. Leaves alternate, 

 digitate, or once or more pinnately out 

 with serrulate leaflets. Flowers often 

 polygamous-monoecious, in umbellate 

 racemes or panicles, rarely in compound 

 umbels. Calyx shortly 5-toothed. Petals 

 5, ovate, obtuse, or very shortly incurved 

 at the tip, more or less imbricate at the 

 edges. Ovary 2-5-celled. Fruit com- 

 pressed, 8-5-angled, containing 2-5 stony 

 seeds. 



Culture and Propagation. — The 



