742 



PRACTICAL GUIDE TO GARDEN PLANTS caeyopteeis 



leaves. Calyx bell-shaped, rarely tubular, 

 truncate, 5- toothed or cleft. Corolla tube 

 slender cylindrical, straight or incurved ; 

 limb spreading or somewhat reflexed 5- 

 cleft ; lobes nearly equal, or the 2 upper 

 ones much shorter than the others. Sta- 

 mens 4, much protruding. Ovary imper- 

 fectly 4-celled. Drupe globose or ovoid, 

 often 4-lobed or furrowed. 



Culture and Propagation. — There are 

 about 70 species, mostly natives of tropical 

 countries. Those described below are the 

 only ones suitable for outdoor cultivation 

 in the more favourable parts of the 

 British Islands. They will pass without 

 much injury through mild winters, but 

 suffer a good deal in severe ones if unpro- 

 tected. A good sandy loam enriched with 

 leaf soil and manure suits them best. 

 They may be increased by seed sown in 

 heat in spring, and grown on until June 

 or for a whole season in greenhouses, be- 

 fore planting out. Cuttings of the young 

 shoots in spring will root in bottom heat 

 under glass. In autumn pieces of the 

 stem 3-6 in. long inserted in sandy soil 

 and plunged in bottom heat will also root. 

 Cuttings of the roots in bottom heat will 

 produce young plants if inserted in nice 

 sandy soil about January. When the new 

 plants have become well-estabUshed they 

 may be potted up separately, and after- 

 wards gradually hardened off preparatory 

 to planting them in the open air. When 

 suckers are produced they may be detached 

 with as many roots as possible in autmnn 

 and planted in rich soil in warm sheltered 

 places. Any branches near the ground 

 may also be layered during the summer 

 and autumn months and severed the 

 following spring. 



C. foetidum [C. Bungei). — A hand- 

 some Chinese shrub about 5 ft. high, 

 with large downy heart-shaped taper- 

 pointed toothed leaves on slender violet- 

 purple stalks and veins. Flowers in 

 August,. lilac-rose, borne in dense terminal 

 corymbs. 



Culture dc. as above. This species 

 although ornamental has a very disagree- 

 able odour, especially when the leaves are 

 passed through the hands. 



C. trichotomum. — Another handsome 

 shrub or smaU tree 6-20 ft. high, native 

 of Japan. Leaves stalked, ovate serrate^ 

 tapering at both ends. Flowers in 

 August and September, white, fragrant, 

 with a reddish or purple inflated 

 calyx, and produced in loose 3-forked 

 branching cymes. 



Culture dc. as above. This species is 

 readily increased by means of root cuttings 

 in bottom heat as mentioned above. 



CARYOPTERIS.— A genus con- 

 taining 4 or 5 species of erect, often very 

 fragrant, smooth or downy shrubs or 

 imdershrubs, having opposite, entire, or 

 toothed leaves. Flowers blue, violet, or 

 red. Calyx bell-shaped deeply 5-cleft. 

 CoroUa tube short, cylindrical ; limb large 

 5-cleft, 4 lobes being nearly equal oblong 

 or obovate flat and spreading, the fifth 

 lower one being longer, concave or hooded 

 with a firinged or crisped margin. 

 Stamens 4, didynamous, protruding. 

 Ovary imperfectly 4 - celled. Capsule 

 shorter than the calyx, 4-valved. 



C. Mastacanthus. — A pretty Chinese 

 bush 2 ft. or more high with dull purplish 

 stems and bluntly ovate-oblong coarsely 

 toothed downy leaves 2-3 in. long, whitish 

 beneath. Flowers in October, rich violet 

 or lavender blue, borne in clusters at the 

 tips of the shoots and in the axUs of the 

 upper leaves. 



Culture and Propagation. — This 

 species is more suitable for the mild 

 southern parts of the country than for 

 other localities. It thrives in rich loamy 

 soil in warm sheltered positions, and 

 requires abundance of water during the 

 summer months. It may be increased 

 by seeds sown in heat in spring; by 

 cuttings of the young shoots in heat in 

 spring ; or by dividing the stools at the 

 same season. In autumn or winter a 

 good mulch of well -rotted manure around 

 the plant will be very beneficial. 



C. mongolica is another Chinese 

 species with violet - blue flowers and 

 elliptic lance-shaped grey green leaves 

 hoary beneath, which requires similar 

 treatment. 



LXXXIX. LABIATyE— Lavender Order 



A large order of herbs, undershrubs, or shrubs, very rarely arborescent or 

 climbing, with opposite or vertieillate and usually 4-angled branches. Leaves 



