JUNIPERUS 



C0NIFJ3BS 



JUNIPBEUS 981 



habitation. It has stiff awl-shaped leaves 

 opposite or in threes, usually glaucous 

 above and green below. Cones fleshy, 

 j-j in. across, blue-black, glaucous. 



Culture dc. as above. — • There are 

 several varieties of the Common Ju- 

 niper, but hibernica (or fastigiata), the 

 Irish Jumper, and its prettily variegated 

 form are, perhaps, the best known. The 

 Irish Jumper has a columnar habit and a 

 peculiar silvery glaucous hue. It thrives 

 on cool loamy clay and peaty soil, and is 

 often used as a stock for grafting. Other 

 forms in cultivation are alpina, glauca, 

 hemisphmrica, oblonga and reflexa. 



J. drupacea.^ — An ornamental species 

 10-25 ft. high, native of the moimtains of 

 Northern Syria, with broad stout sharp- 

 pointed pale green leaves arranged in 

 threes, and deep purple fruits about the 

 size of a Sloe, covered with a glaucous 

 ^ bloom.' 



Culture do. as above. Well-grovra 

 specimens look handsome on lawns or 

 grassland. 



J. excelsa. — A handsome compact- 

 growing pyramidal Juniper 10-30 ft. high, 

 native of Asia Minor, with thick decurrent 

 ^e3dsh-green leaves opposite or in threes 

 or short much-ramified branches. There 

 are a few forms grown, such as venusta, 

 -stricta, and PerMnsi. 



Culture da. as above. In northern 

 and unsheltered parts this species is apt 

 to be injured by frost, and is therefore 

 better for the milder parts of the country. 

 The variety stricta seems to be equally 

 ■tender. It differs from the type in having 

 a more tapering outline and more glaucous 

 leaves. 



J. occidentalis. — A handsome pyrami- 

 dal tree, native of the Western United 

 States, where it often grows 30-50 ft. 

 high on the dry rocky ridges and prairies. 

 Its branches emit a strong smell when 

 bruised. The leaves are in whorls of 

 three, and in a young state are spreading, 

 sharp-pointed and glaucous, while the 

 small deep purple berries have a glaucous 

 'bloom.' 



Culture dc. as above. An excellent 

 lawn plant. 



J. Oxycedrus. — A large bushy Juniper 

 10-12 ft. high, native of Spain and 

 Portugal, and Southern Eturope generally. 

 It has slender drooping branches clothed 

 with sharp - pointed leaves which are 



broader and shorter than those of the 

 common Juniper, and more distinctly 

 veined with white beneath. 



Culture dc. as above. In the mild 

 southern and western parts of the king- 

 dom this species attains larger proportions 

 and a more elegant habit than in the bleak 

 north. 



J. phoenicea {J. bacciformis ; J. lan- 

 goldiana; J. tetragona). — A beautiful 

 pyramidal shrub or small tree 15-20 ft. 

 high, native of the Mediterranean region, 

 and distinguished by its tufts of slender 

 drooping branches covered with small 

 scale-like leaves in whorls of three. There 

 is a whitish-looking variety called tur- 

 hinata, and one eaReA filicauUa. 



Culture dc. as above. 



J. recurva. — A handsome Himalayan 

 Juniper 5-8 ft. high, with drooping 

 feathery recurved branchlets, and loosely 

 imbricated sharp-pointed greyish-green 

 leaves usually arranged in threes. The 

 name densa is given to the male form, 

 which is dwarfer and more compact in 

 habit, and has also shorter leaves than 

 the female. . The variety squwmata 

 {J. dumosa) extends from the Himalayas 

 to China and Japan at elevations of 

 10,000-15,000 ft. and is recognised by its 

 peculiar creeping and spreading habit, 

 numerous short, stiff branchlets, and rigid, 

 sharp-pointed, scaly, glaucous leaves. 

 There is a fine bushy specimen of the 

 typical J. recurva, over 40 years old 

 and more than 30 ft. high, at Keir House 

 gardens, Perthshire. There is also a 

 weeping form called pendula. 



Culture dc. as above. 



J. rigida. — A beautiful Japanese 

 Juniper 15 ft. or more high, with an up- 

 right and rather irregular habit, and droop- 

 ing branches, which when young are 

 slender, bright green, and slightly tinged 

 with yellow. The leaves, which are 

 arranged in threes, are about J in. long, 

 linear, rigid, erect, sharp-pointed, with a 

 glaucous furrow on the upper side. 



Culture dc. as above. 



J. Sabina (Common Savin). — A beauti- 

 ful branching shrub, 5-8 ft. high, native 

 of S. Europe, with an irregular spreading 

 habit, and numerous more or less upright 

 or trailing branches, furnished with small 

 scale-like pointed leaves. The upright 

 variety is suitable for making hedges, 



