APPLE 



HABDY FBUIT GARDEN 



1049 



causes as canker, viz. cold, wet soils, 

 taproots, severe pruning, and bad culti- 

 vation, and may be prevented by rectify- 

 ing these. 



Mistletoe (see p. 781) is a green-leaved 

 parasite often very injurious to Apple 

 trees. It should be cut awsij clean at 

 Christmas time, when it can be easily 

 seen and may also be sold. The growths 

 of mosses, lichens &c. may be removed by 

 spraying or washing with the caustic soda 

 and potash solution referred to under 

 American BUght (p. 1046). 



Vakietibs or Apples to grow 



There are about 2000 named varieties 

 of Apples, and perhaps as ruany more 

 unnamed ones, but only a very small 

 proportion are actually grown in the 

 British Islands — perhaps 400 at the out- 

 side ; and some of these very rarely. The 

 following is a selection of the best eating 

 and cooking Apples. The kinds enume- 

 rated are suitable for most parts of the 

 kingdom, but some are more valuable for 

 northern parts than others. Although 

 eating and cooking varieties are arranged 

 in alphabetical order, an asterisk * is 

 placed in front of the varieties which are 

 chiefly used for cooking, so that they may 

 be more readily distinguished from the 

 dessert ones. It may however be re- 

 marked that nearly all dessert Apples cook 

 well if gathered before they are ripe. 

 ■^Vhen fruits are described as ' large ' they 

 are 3 inches or more in diameter ; 

 ' medium ' 2-3 inches in diameter ; and 

 ' sniall ' when less than 2 in. in diameter. 

 Only first-class varieties are mentioned. 



Adam's Pearmain. — Ahandsome eating 

 Apple in use from December to February. 

 Fruit medium, conical, pale yellow tinged 

 with green and covered with delicate russet 

 on the shaded side, but deep yellow 

 tinged with red and dehoately streaked 

 with brighter red on the sunny side. 



This variety is a free and healthy 

 grower with long slender shoots. It bears 

 freely even when young, and is best on 

 the Paradise or Doucin stock (p. 1045). 



*Alfriston. — This is a splendid cooking 

 Apple, in use from November to April. 

 It is a hardy and vigorous grower, bearing 

 large oblong angular greenish fruits, 

 tinged with orange next the sun and re- 

 ticulated with russet markings. It is apt 

 to canker on heavy badly drained soils. 



Allen's Everlasting'. — This may be 

 used either as a dessert or cooking Apple. 



It has a tender sweet juicy flavour and 

 keeps well till April or May. The flatfish 

 fruits are medium in size, very angular 

 near the eye, greenish-yellow, becoming 

 clearer yellow towards maturity, with a 

 few faint streaks of red showing through 

 the russet coat. In good seasons it often 

 has a bright crimson tinge next the sun. 



AUington Pippin (South Lincoln 

 Beauty). — A new variety of excellent 

 quaUty, said to be a cross between Cox's 

 Orange Pippin and King of the Pippins. 

 Fruit larger than medium size, ovoid, in- 

 clining to conical, with a deep-set eye, and 

 a slender stalk about | in. long set in a 

 deep funnel-shaped cavity. The side next 

 the sun is usually streaked with red. 



The tree is said to be of a hardy and 

 vigorous constitution and a good cropper. 



American Mother. — This is one of the 

 finest flavoured eating Apples in use in 

 October and November. The conical and 

 angular fruits are medium in size, golden- 

 yellow, mottled and streaked with crimson 

 next the sun, and strewed with russet 

 dots. It originated at Boston, Mass. 



* Annie Elizabeth. — A splendid late 

 cooking Apple in use from February to 

 May, and lasting weU. The large roundish 

 conical fruits are prominently angled or 

 ribbed, pale yellow, flushed with bright 

 crimson next the sun. 



It grows vigorously and bears freely, 

 and forms an excellent pyramid or 

 standard. Although usually classed as a 

 cooking Apple, it may also be used for 

 dessert, having a crisp sprightly flavour. 



Baumann's Reinette (Baumamn's 

 Bed Winter Beinette). — A beautiful 

 dessert Apple in use from November till 

 March. Fruit medium, flat, bluntly 

 angled and ridged round the eye, bright 

 yellow flushed with red, becoming brilhant 

 red on the sunny side, the whole surface 

 embedded with pearly specks. 



This is largely grown, and is a very 

 handsome Apple in appearance ; but it 

 usually ranks as a second-class variety in 

 regard to flavour, although it keeps well. 

 The tree makes a good pyramid, and as a 

 standard is suitable for orchards. 



* Beauty of Kent. — A very handsome 

 and showy cooking Apple in use from 

 Octoberto February. Fruit large, roiuidish 

 ovate, broad and flattened at the base, 

 deep yellow faintly tinged with green 

 and marked with faint red patches on the 

 shaded side ; but entirely covered with 

 deep red except where there are a few 



