HISTORY 3 



field, two by the War Department and two by the Department 

 of the Interior, as follows: 



i . Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel. The act 

 of March 2, 1867 (14 Stat. L., 457) provided for "a geological 

 and topographical exploration of the territory between the 

 Rocky Mountains and the Sierra Nevada Mountains, includ- 

 ing the route or routes of the Pacific Railroad." This survey 

 was made under the jurisdiction of the War Department but 

 its director, Clarence King, was a civilian, as were also all his 

 scientific assistants. The territory surveyed comprised a belt 

 105 miles in width extending from longitude 104° 30' to longi- 

 tude 120 , — that is, from Cheyenne, Wyoming, to the eastern 

 boundary of California. The survey was primarily geological 

 in character but included also the topography of the region. 

 The results of the survey were published in 1870-1880 in seven 

 volumes and an atlas. The total cost of the survey and its 

 publications was $383,711. 



2. Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories. 

 The act of March 2, 1867 (14 Stat. L., 471, sec. 2) called for 

 "a geological survey of Nebraska, said survey to be prose- 

 cuted under the direction of the Commissioner of the General 

 Land Office." F. V. Hayden was assigned to this work and 

 was subsequently designated United States geologist for the 

 territories of Colorado and New Mexico. As the work pro- 

 gressed, its scope was by authority of Congress extended over 

 all the territories and work was done in Wyoming, Idaho, 

 Montana, New Mexico and Colorado, the total area embraced 

 in systematic surveys reaching about 100,000 square miles. 

 This survey was primarily geological, but its activities included 

 work on topography, geology, paleontology, ethnology, phil- 

 ology, botany and kindred sciences. The results were pub- 

 lished in a series of volumes which were issued from 1867 to 

 1883. » 



1 The titles of the reports for 1867-1872 do not contain the word 

 "geographical;" those for 1873-1878 do contain that word. The titles 

 of the bulletins read: Bulletin of the United States Geological and 

 Geographical Survey of the Territories. 



