SCLEROSTOMA. 85 



is concerned, very little more has been added in the accounts which 

 have from time to time appeared. The publication of the letter 

 above referred to is accompanied by a simple woodcut represent- 

 ing one of the worms of its natural size, and another view of the 

 same example three or four times magnified. The figures evidently 

 depict a female ; but the position of the reproductive orifice is not 

 indicated, neither is the question of sexuality discussed. 



On the 1st of August, 1808, the Enghsh naturaHst, George 

 Montagu, F.L.S., made a communication to the Wemerian Society, 

 his paper being entitled " Account of a species of Fasciola, which 

 infests the trachea of Poultry, with a Mode of Cure." Montagu 

 does not appear to have been aware of the existence of any previous 

 record on this subject, as we gather from an editorial note 

 appended to his memoir in the first volume of the Wernerian 

 Society's Transactions. Fortunately, our author gave a scientific 

 description of the parasite, which consequently led to its being 

 specifically noticed, under various titles, in the systematic works 

 of Eudolphi, Dujardin, and Diesing ; but by far the most elaborate 

 accounts of this animal are due to the writings of Yon Siebold. 



The Sclerostoma Syngamus has been found in the trachea of the 

 turkey, domestic cock, pheasant, partridge, black stork, magpie, 

 hooded crow, green woodpecker, starling and swift ; and I do not 

 doubt that this hst might be very much extended if ornithologists 

 would favour us with their experience in the matter. Hitherto I 

 have been surprised to find how few of those to whom I have 

 mentioned the subject appear to be acquainted either with the 

 nature of the parasite or with the various methods to be adopted 

 in curing the disease to which its presence in the windpipe 

 gives rise. 



Having, during the month of July, 1860, obtained a fowl 

 suffering from the gapes, I operated upon it in the following 

 manner : — ^A very small portion of carded wool having been dipped 

 in chloroform and placed in front of the bird's nostrils, it was soon 

 rendered perfectly insensible. The skin of the neck was then 



