280 ENTOZOA. 



ecliiiiococciis heads and hydatids from the urinary bladder are all 

 from foreign sources (Quiquerez, Tomowitz, and Auglagnier). In 

 the case given by the last-named author, seventeen hydatids were 

 passed by the urethra. In this relation, I may also appropri- 

 ately refer to the three interesting examples of hydatid formation 

 occurring within the pelvis, or, more precisely, in the immediate 

 neighbourhood of the bladder. These cases are by LowdeU, 

 Farre, and Wakley. The one by the first-named author proved 

 fatal, but timely operation saved the other two. In "Wakley' s 

 interesting case, the sac contained a single hydatid as large as 

 the egg of an ostrich. If I remember rightly, both Parre's and 

 Wakley' s cases occurred in women, a circumstance which derives 

 additional interest from the fact that Dr. A. T. Thomson has 

 recorded in the pages of the " Lancet" a genuine case of hydatids 

 simulating ovarian disease. 



Amongst anonymously recorded cases, I find one where hydatids 

 existed in the spinal canal, and another where a solitary acephalocyst, 

 lodged within the orbit, had produced exophthalmia. My colleague, 

 Mr. Hulke, has met with a similar case, and a third example has been 

 brought under my notice by Mr. J. Jardine Murray, of Brighton. 



Yery peculiar and diversified, as to situation, are those cases 

 where the hydatid cysts occupy the external soft parts of the trunk 

 and extremities. Thus, Dixon describes an instance in which a cyst 

 containing several hydatids occupied the root of the neck. Dupuy- 

 tren cured one patient who had an hydatid cyst situated, it is said, 

 in the anterior condyloid foramen, causing atrophy and paralysis of 

 the tongue by pressure on the hngual nerves ; and he operated on 

 another patient who had hydatids in the biceps (humeri) and tem- 

 poral muscles. Two equally interesting cures are also recorded in 

 our English journals by White and Bryant. In the former case 

 (reported by Mr. Aitkin) the hydatids were situated in the breast 

 and arm, whilst Bryant's large hydatid tumour occurred between 

 the adductor muscles of the thigh. In another case of cure by 

 operation (Jackson) the tumour was seated in the loin. 



