BNTOZOA. 419 



cured from the stomacli or intestinal canal, whilst not a few are 

 stated to have been voided per urethram. Others are from various 

 parts of the body. On the whole there can be little doubt that 

 some few of these insects, or, at least, their larvae, have really 

 come from the above-named locahties ; but it may be not un- 

 reasonably doubted that the majority have been employed for 

 purposes of deception. Which cases are genuine and which 

 are false it is often impossible to determine. A short while ago 

 Mr. Flower, F.R.S., placed in my hands an example of an insect 

 which was stated to have been the cause of dysuria in a woman 

 seventy years of age. The so-called parasite (with an account of 

 the case) had been originally sent by a medical gentleman to 

 Mr. Solly, F.R.S., who, like Mr. Flower, very naturally enter- 

 tained a doubt as to its helminthic character. The patient 

 gravely informs her medical attendant that " she feels reUef as 

 soon as she passes the fly;" having, altogether, got rid of ten 

 or a dozen. On carefully examining the insect, I have no doubt 

 whatever, that it is one of our common garden frog-hoppers 

 (apparently AphropJiora bifasciata) in the imago condition. How 

 it hopped into the locahty above-mentioned, may, in this instance, 

 be readily conjectured ; but the remarkable case of Mary Eiordan 

 (where 1206 larv« and some perfect insects were passed per anum) 

 is unquestionably genuine; and the truthfulness of the latter 

 record gathers additional strength from the evidence that she also 

 voided, per anwm, specimens of Ascaris mystax and A. lumbricoides. 

 To this Hst may Hkewise be added the hexapodous larva of Glerus 

 formicarius, which, according to Kiichenmeister, "was given to 

 Von Siebold as a urinary parasite." It is closely allied to Der- 

 mestes. Dr. J. M. Duncan has recorded a case of (Estrus hovis 

 occurring in the human subject, and has also written a very 

 interesting paper on " bots," in general, in the " Edinburgh 

 Veterinary Eeview." The well-known essay on "bots," by Bracey 

 Clark, is quoted by Duncan, and also by Gr. W. Spence, who has 

 likewise contributed a paper to that ably-conducted periodical. 



