HISTORY OF THE INVESTIGATION OF THE FLORA OF SURINAM. j j 



and also the course of the Lawa and the Litanie were investigated and so 

 Kappler's journey of 1861 repeated. 



After having returned to Holland in January 1904, the same persons 

 went to Surinam again in June of that year and investigated the course of 

 the Tapanahoni and various mountain tops in the neighbourhood. In these 

 latter two expeditions it was Mr. G. M. Versteeg, M. B. who accompanied 

 the expedition as physician and who collected about 950 plants. 



The botanical collections of all four expeditions are in the herbarium of 

 the university of Utrecht which now, possessing also the collections of Host- 

 mann and Kappler and that of Focke, has the most extensive botanical 

 material from Surinam. In deviation from the older collections and from that 

 of prof. Went, the material of Dr. Tulleken and of the collectors of the last 

 four expeditions has been exclusively preserved by Schweinfurth's method, 

 which has contributed no little to the excellent condition of these collections. 



There is still a small Surinamian herbarium in the colonial museum at 

 Haarlem. The greater part of the West Indian collection of this museum 

 consists however of useful plants and species of wood. 



In the following systematic part of this work all the material has been 

 used which is now in the Utrecht herbarium. I also received from the State 

 herbarium at Leyden the collections of Tulleken, Splitgerber and part of 

 that of Suringar. Prof. Peter of Gottingen was so kind to send me Kegel's 

 herbarium to Utrecht, while I was enabled by journeys to Kew and Berlin 

 to compare my material with the collections there and at Kew to see some 

 of Hostmann's plants that are lacking in the Utrecht herbarium. I did not see 

 the greater part of Wullschlagel's collection, but since this collection has 

 been almost entirely published in the Flora Brasiliensis and moreover was 

 collected only near Paramaribo and in the Para district and so is of 

 relatively little importance for the distribution of the plants over Surinam, 

 I hope this will cause no gap in the systematic part. Weigelt's collection I 

 received partly from Gottingen, partly from Leyden. 



The enumeration of families and genera is very nearly in the order and 

 with the names, as they occur in Engler and Prantl's Natiirliche Pflanzen- 

 familien. The species are generally enumerated in the order in which they 

 occur in the Flora Brasiliensis or in well known monographs, such as the 

 "Suites au Prodrome" or "das Pflanzenreich.'' 



In regard to the nomenclature I have adhered as much as possible to 

 the Berlin rules. This was not always possible, since often I lacked the 

 literature for finding the oldest name. Also sometimes lack of material 

 for comparison compelled me to follow the division into genera adopted 

 in some monographs and so to deviate from the division of the Natiirliche 

 Pflanzenfamilien. Also through lack of material for comparison part of the 

 material of some families has had to remain unused. This applies more 

 especially to Rubiaceae and Myrtaceae, while I had for the same reason 

 to ask Prof. Dr. F. Niedenzu of Braunsberg and Dr. O. E. Schulz of 



