112 PHYSIOLOGY OF THE INVERTEBRATA. 



characteristic of the pancreatic fluid of the higher animals — 

 no albumin being found in the liver, for albuminoids are 

 decomposed by that organ. No glycocholic and taurocholic 

 acids or glycogen were obtained from the organ. Not the 

 slightest trace of these biliary compounds could be detected 

 in the organ or its secretion. 



There is no doubt that these investigations prove that this 

 so-called liver of the Cephalopoda is a true pancreas or 

 digestive organ. 



The author in his paper entitled, " Further Researches on 

 the Physiology of the Invertebrata,"* gave the following 

 account of the salivary glands of the cuttle-fish : There are 

 two pairs of salivary glands in Sepia o^cinalis. The posterior 

 pair, which are the larger (see Fig. 2o) lie on either side of 

 the oesophagus. The secretion of the posterior glands is 

 poured into the oesophagus, while the secretion of the smaller 

 anterior pair of glands passes directly into the buccal cavity, 

 A quantity of the secretion was extracted by using several 

 freshly-killed cuttle-fishes. It was alkaline to test-papersi 

 A portion of the secretion was added to a small quantity of 

 starch, the starch being converted into glucose in fifteen 

 minutes. The presence of glucose was proved by the 

 formation of red cuprous oxide by the action of Fehling's 

 solution. The soluble enzyme, or ferment, contained in the 

 secretion (which is capable of causing the hydration of 

 starch), was isolated by precipitating the secretion with 

 dilute normal phosphoric acid, adding lime-water and then 

 filtering. The precipitate produced was dissolved in distilled 

 water and reprecipitated by alcohol. This precipitate converts 

 starch into glucose. 



When a drop of the clear secretion was allowed to fall 

 into a beaker containing dilute acetic acid, stringy flakes of 

 Tmicin were easily obtained. The presence of mucin was 

 confirmed by several well-known tests. 



Another portion of the secretion was distilled (with the 

 * Proceedings of Royal Society of London, vol. 44, p. 327. 



