130 PHYSIOLOGY OF THE INVERTEBRATA. 



inch in diameter, and that this colouring matter, also found 

 in other parts of the worm, is not haemoglobin." 



Delle Ohiaje showed that in Sipunculus balanorophus and 

 S. ecMnorhynchus " the arterial blood is red, the venous 

 brown. Gr. Schwalbe* found that the body fluid of Phaseolo- 

 soma elongatum (a Gephyrean) is a bright-rose or greyish-red 

 colour, and is cloudy owing to the presence of morphological 

 elements, and that on standing in the air it gets darker and 

 darker until it assumes an intense Burgundy-red colour. 

 By long standing in the air this colour goes into a dirty 

 brown owing to decomposition, and in drying the whole 

 assumes a dirty green colour. Krukenbergf found the blood 

 of Sipunculus imdus to contain the same colouring matter as 

 that observed by Schwalbe ; he finds that it is the oxygen of 

 the air which brings about the colour change, and that the 

 colour is removed by CO^. This colouring matter gives no 

 absorption band either in the oxidised or reduced condition. 

 Krukenberg calls this pigment hasmerythrin, and the chro- 

 mogen belonging to it h^merythrogen. The colouring 

 matter is decomposed by H^S. The oxygen in the oxidised 

 blood-pigment seems, according to Krukenberg, to be more 

 firmly fixed than in oxyhaemoglobin. Milne-Edwards | in 

 1838 discovered that certain Annelids possessed green blood, 

 his observations being made on Sahella. 



" Prof. Kay Lankester § on examining the blood of Sahella 

 ventrilabruni and Siphonostoma (sp. ?) with the spectroscope 

 discovered the interesting fact that it only gives a banded 

 absorption spectrum, but is capabl.e of being oxidised and 

 reduced, and it behaved in such a way with potassium 

 cyanide and ammonium sulphide, as to have led him to 

 conclude that hemoglobin and this colouring matter (chloro- 

 cruorin) ' have a common base in cyanosulphgem, and perhaps 



* Archiv. fiir Milcr. Anat., vol. 5, p. 248, et seq. 



+ Vergleich. Physiol. Studien, p. 85. 



X Annales des Sciences NatureUes, 1838, vol. 10, p. 190. 



§ Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, 1868, p. 114; 1870, p. 119. 



