112 



Most prominent among the insect pests are Codling 

 moth, San Jose scale, aphids, curcullo, borers, etc. Most 

 prominent among diseases are bitter rot, scab, cedar rust, 

 and various leaf spots. 



Insects of one sort or another and fungous diseases 

 are always present. Systems of spraying and caring for the 

 orchards., have developed to the extent that these drawbacks 

 can be controlled - at more or less expense and labor, to 

 be sure, but they can be effectively remedied. From many 

 sections of the state, reports of injury from frost are 

 made. There are few frostless areas in the State. And 

 after all, I suspect that frost is the greatest natural 

 drawback against which the fruit growers have to contend. 



Economic Difficulties . - What are your economic dif- 

 ficulties, labor or marketing?" There were only fourteen 

 men out of the whole lot who had met with no particular 

 economic difficulties. From the answers received it seems 

 that labor is by far the most troublesome economic problem 

 with which the commercial fruit grower has to deal. In 

 many places it is difficult to get skilled labor. This 

 is particularly true in the localities where the apple in- 

 dustry is just beginning to develop. There are many kinds 

 of orchard work which require practice before the laborer 

 attains efficiency at it. Such orchard work as spraying, 



