41 8 The History of Ichthyology 



species was really new. Other Japanese ichthyologists of 

 promise are Dr. Kamakichi Kishinouye, in charge of the Imperial 

 lisherics Bureau, Dr. Shinnosuke :\Iatsubara, director of the 

 Imperial Fisheries Institute, Keinosuke Otaki, S. Hatta, S. 

 Xozawa, T. Kitahara, and Miehitaro Sindo, and we may look for 

 others among the pupils of Dr. Kakichi Mitsukuri, the dis- 

 tinguished professor of zoology in the Imperial University. 



The most recent, as well as the most extensive, studies of 

 the fishes of Japan were made in 1900 by the present writer 

 and his associate, John Otterbein Snyder. 



The scanty pre-Cuvieran work on the fishes of North 

 America has been already noticed. Contemporary with the 

 early Avork of Cuvier is the worthy attempt of Professor Samuel 

 Latham ]\Iitchill (i 764-1 831) to record in systematic fashion 

 the fishes of New York. Soon after followed the admirable 

 work of Charles Alexandre Le Sueur (1780-1840), artist and 

 naturalist, who Avas the first to study the fishes of the Great 

 Lakes and the basin of the Ohio. Le Sueur's engravings of 

 fishes, in the early publications of the Academy of Natural 

 Sciences in Philadelphia, are still among the most satisfactory 

 representations of the species to which they refer. Constan- 

 tine Samuel Rafinesque (i 784-1842), the third of this remark- 

 able but very dissimilar trio, published numerous papers descrip- 

 tive of the species he had seen or heard of in his various botan- 

 ical ramljles. This culminated in his elaborate but untrust- 

 worthy " Ichthyologia Ohiensis." The fishes of Ohio received 

 later a far more conscientious though less brilliant treatment 

 at the hands of Dr. Jarcd Potter Kirtland (i 793-1877), an 

 eminent physician of Cleveland, Ohio. In 1842 the amiable 

 and scholarly James EUsworth Dekay (1799-1851) published 

 his detailed report on the fishes of the "New York Fauna," and 

 a little earlier (1836) in the "Fauna Boreah-Americana" Sir 

 John Richardson (i 787-1865) gave a most A'aluable and accu- 

 rate account of the fishes of the Great Lakes and Canada. Almost 

 simultaneously, Rev. Zadock Thompson (1796-1856) ga^-e a 

 catalogue of the fishes of \"ermont, and David Humphreys 

 Storer (1804-91) began his work on the fishes of Massachu- 

 setts, finally expanded into a "Synopsis of the Fishes of North 

 America" (1846) and a "History of the Fishes of Massachu- 



