Alcyonaria 



G 19 



the summit. The cortex of the cahcles and coenenchyma is finely granulons 

 under a lens, when dried, and the surface is filled with an abundance of very 

 small irregular and pop-corn shaped spicules, with roughly warted and mostly 

 spindle-shaped spicules beneath, mixed with some irregular clubs, rods, and 

 many small irregular forms of various shapes (PL VI, fig. 3). The longer spicules 

 of the tentacle-bases and anthocodia (PI. VI, fig. 2) are slender, acute, warted 

 spindles, often curved or irregular; those more distal in the tentacles are partly 

 smaller warted spindles, but many are oblong warted rods and iri'egular forms. 

 The larger ones in the anthocodia are from 0-5 to 0-65 mm. long. 



The spicules of the axis (PL VI, fig. 4) are irregular rods, long narrow clubs, 

 and spindles, with few lobes and tubercles, mixed with many irregular kinds, 

 all closely packed together longitudinally. The larger ones are from 0-40 to 

 0-65 mm. long; some are regular spindles, longer than any figured. 



The ccenenchyma spicules are from 0-40 to 0-45 mm. long. Many are 

 acute spindles, longer and more regular than any figured 



The calicles when dried keep their shapes pretty well. Thej' are then up- 

 to 3-6 mm. high and about 3 mm. in diameter in the middle; height of anthocodia 

 2-5 to 3 mm.; diameter 2 to 2-7 mm. The basal part of the cahcles is usually 

 somewhat swollen and there is often a constriction below the margin. Colour 

 in life buff or light yellow, fading in alcohol. 



It adheres to stones, shells, barnacles, etc., but most frequently to the 

 axis of dead Gorgonians, especially of Keratoisis ornata V. When seated near 

 the end of a branch it often grows out from the end of the broken branch, con- 

 tinuing it by a spiculose axis of its own forming. 



Fig. 2. AniJiothda grandiflora Ver. a, b, Partsnf abranfhine sperimen enlarged; c, part of an encrusting 

 specimen. 



It was first discovered in American waters off Sable island, Nova Scotia, 

 in deep water by Captain N. McPhee and crew of the schooner Carl Schurz, 

 of Gloucester, Mass. Other specimens were subsequently brought in by several 

 fishing schooners, from the Banks, off Nova Scotia and Newfoundland. It was 

 also taken by the Albatross in 1881, at Station 1031, in 2.55 fathoms. 



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