12 G Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-191S 



with the ends more or less acute (see PL III, figs, la, lb, Ic), and one tip 

 sometimes ends in two or three points as if split. In transverse section they 

 are more or less triquetral. They are usually so arranged as to form about 

 eight to ten longer pointed groups, with one or two of the longer ones in the 

 middle, giving a semi-stellate effect. 



Another group of spicules, about eight to ten in number, runs down from 

 the fan-shaped group along the stalk between the pinnae. These are about 

 as large as the larger of the supporting spicules. The spicules appear white 

 by reflected light, but by transmitted light they seem to contain an internal 

 dark pigment. The axis is slender and rather rigid. 



The pinnse of the tentacles are seldom well-preserved, and the tentacles 

 themselves are mostly incurved and partly contracted. When best preserved 

 the tentacular pinnee are short and closely crowded. 



Many of the polyps contain a small number of small eggs, both mature 

 and partly grown. No embryos were seen (see fig. Ic). The distal end of 

 this specimen is not quite perfect. The pinnae, best-preserved near the end 

 have about ten polyps, rather smaller than those of the middle (fig. lb), but 

 are otherwise similar. 



The type was collected at Ucluelet, west coast of Vancouver island, 

 June, 1909, in 13 fathoms (C. H. Young). 



The only additional species of shallow water Pennatulacea, from the Pacific 

 coast of Canada, known to me, is the following species, remarkable for its great 

 size — certainly the longest yet discovered — and for the number and variety of 

 names it has received. 



Family PAVONARIDyE Dana (Emended) 

 Verrillia blakei Stearns. 



Pavrmoria hlakci SrEARNS, Robert C, San Francisco ^Mining and Scientific 



Press, Aug. 9, 1873, (first description of soft parts). 

 Verrillia (subgenus) blakei Stearns, Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. Aug. 18, 1873, pi. 



IX, figs. 1-6; op. cit. :Mar. 16, 1874; Amer. Jour. Sci. vol. VII, p. 68, 1874 



(reprint). 

 Ostcocella sejit(?nirionalis Gray, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. IX, p. 406, 1872; 



N'atiu-e, X'ov. 6, 1873, axis only. 

 Halipteris blakei Stearns, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. VI, p. 99, 1883. 

 Verrillia blakei or Halipteris blakei Stearns, Amer. Nat., Jan., 1882. 

 Verrillia blakei Whiteaves, Canadian Nat. vol. VIII, p. 465, 1878; Stearns, 



Contrib. to X'at. Hist, of Coelenterata, Washington, 1883, Historical Sketch 



and Reprint of articles (privately printed). 

 fBalticina blakei Nutting, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. XXXV, p. 706, 1909. 

 fPavonaria dofleini ]\Ioroff, Zool. Jahrb. Abth. Svst. Geog. arid Biol. Thiere, 



Vol. XVII, p. 393, 1902. 

 fPavonaria willemoesi (KOll.) KtJKENTHAL Zool. Jahrb., p. 226, 1913. 



This species grows to a great size, sometimes becoming eight feet in length, 

 with over 7,000 polj'ps. "\^'hen living with polyps expanded, it is over an 

 inch in diameter. Ordinary specimens are three to five feet long. 



Dr. J. F. Whiteaves (op. cit.) recorded a specimen in alcohol that was 

 seven feet eight inches long, with the barren stalk two feet long. This had by 

 actual count, in one series of rows, 3,802 polyps, in 369 oblique rows, or about 

 7,600 poh'ps in the two series. 



Mr. Stearns recorded one that was five feet six inches long, with the polypi- 

 ferous part four feet long; this had 245 oblique rows on each side; the number 

 of polyps in each full row was from 8 to 11; some have fourteen. The sterile 



