6 G Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913 — 1918 



The eggs are relatively large, being about 0-25 to 0-32 mm. in diameter. 

 They are mostly in the central canals. The abundant red spicules, covering 

 the surface of the calicles and intercahcinal spaces with a continuous, thin, 

 firm layer, are well-illustrated on PI. II, figs. 1-3, which show the principal 

 forms of the larger and fully developed ones, but there are also large numbers 

 of smaller and less matured spicules similar in form and ornamentation. The 

 most numerous forms are very rough, short, thick, warty spindles, double- 

 spindles, and eUipsoids, with prominent subdivided lobules, and ornamented 

 ends, as shown on PL II, figs, la-h: 2a-d: 3a-e. ' Some of these are stellate when 

 seen endwise, as shown in fig. 1, and fig. 2, e, f. Some of the smaller forms 

 are shown in fig. 1 k-p. With these more abundant forms are some odd irregular 

 forms, hke fig. li and fig. 3f ; some might be called popped-corn-shaped, and there 

 are also elongated simple warty spindles, like fig. 1, q, r, s. These last are 

 very similar to those of the distal part of the polyps, forming the chevrons, 

 but are not quite so slender. 



The walls of the stems of the branches and of the mam stalk contain a 

 ver}' much smaller number of similar spicules, averaging perhaps rather smaller, 

 Init the larger ones are al)Out as large as those of the calicles. Some of these 

 from the main stalk are shown in fig. 2 h-j. These are mostly white. 



The larger spicules of the surface of the calicles measure 0- 14X0-0.5: 

 0- 14X0-045: 0-09X0-045: 0-09X0-04: 0-07X0-045 mm. The elongated 

 spindles measure 'about 0-15X0-025: 0-13X0-02 mm. 



The species has a wide circumpolar distribution in xlrctic and Sub-Arctic 

 waters. It was recorded by nie in 1865, from the North Pacific. It is known 

 from the northern coasts of Europe, and from eastern America, from the Bay 

 of Fund}' and from the fishing "Banks" off Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, 

 and from the gulf of St. Lawrence (Orphan l)ank) to Hudson bay and Green- 

 land. It is the only conmion shallow water Alcyonarian of the coasts of 

 Alaska and Arctic America generally. 



It occurs in shallow water and down to 140 fathoms oi' more, mostly on 

 hard bottoms with pebbles and shells. 



The following specimens were obtained by the Canadian Arctic Expedi- 

 tion : — 



6, Station 20d, Beach at Grantle>' harbour, Port Clarence, Alaska, July 31, 

 1913. In alcohol. Var. yarristella. Polyps unusuallj^ small. Bright 

 red spicules. 



1, large. Station 20g. Same locality, in 2 to 3 fathoms, mud bottom, 

 with algce. Aug. 4, 1913. Fuie specimen in alcohol. See PL XVIIa, 

 figl. 



5, Station 23, Lat. 70° 24' N. Long. 161° 25' W, in 9 to 10 fathoms, mud 

 and pebbly bottom. Aug. 19, 1913. In alcohol. 



9, drv. Station 24, on licach, sandspit at Point Barrow, Alaska, Aug. 23, 

 i913. 



1, drv. Station 28m. Beach at Collinson point, Camden bay, Alaska 

 ,juiie 1914. 



21, dry. Station 48g. On beach at Locker point. Coronation gulf. North- 

 west Territories, June 1916. 



jNlr. F. Johansen and Y)\\ R. AI. Amlerson collected the aliove, and some 

 specimens have lieen sent from the Cieological Survey of Canada, collected 

 by P»ev. W. C;. Walton on the east shores of Hudson bay, while Dr. A. G. 

 Huntsman, Atlantic Biological Station of Canada, has sent some specimens. 

 The Hudson bav examples were from a localitv ten miles north of Great 

 Whale river, July, 1919. 



The Nortli Pacific Exploring Expedition collected it in Bering straits, 

 west coast in shallow water, and in the Ai-ftic ocean in 35 fathoms. (\'errill 

 1S65.) 



