96 G Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-1918 



prominent usually compressed and irregular, obtuse or subcorneal tubercles; 

 below these the surface, except near the base, is covered with rather scattered 

 and unevenly placed firm tubercles, varying in size, and mostly transversely 

 elongated in contraction; between these the surface is strongly transversely and 

 longitudinally wrinkled in contraction. The tubercles in large specimens do 

 not show any notable arrangement in vertical rows, in most cases, because of 

 their fewness, but they are actually in rows, more evidently so in the young. 

 The upper part, or capitulum, has a softer integument and is closely covered 

 with numerous prominent folds or crests, having the thicker aboral lower edge 

 lobed or verrucose, or irregularly scalloped or crenulated; less so in the young; 

 each of these extends to and joins a tentacle, becoming thin and smooth near the 

 margin. This capitulum can be completely contracted and infolded, together 

 with the reversed tentacles. 



The tentacles are numerous, 96 or more in the larger specimens, arranged 

 in about five cycles. They are rather stout not very long, usually blunt in 

 expansion; the inner 12 or 24 are much the larger; those in the outer rows are 

 not very small in the type. Two siphonogljqihs and the lip-lobes are_ large. 

 The colour of the column, when cleaned of its dark coating, below the capitulum 

 or coUor, in life was usually dull pale red or flesh-colour, with the exposed sum- 

 mits of the tubercles whitish. The capitulum was brighter red and lubricous; 

 tentacles were either dull salmon-colour or brown, sometimes chocolate-colour. 







Fig. 14. Actinauge rugosa Verrill. Imperfect mesenteries of the 4th and 5th cycles with the 

 gonads partly removed, much enlarged. 



It was first taken by the "Bache," in 1873, in 430 fathoms, off Georges 

 bank. It also occurred off Casco bay in 1873, in 95 fathoms. Also in the 

 Gulf of St. Lawrence (Coll. Whiteaves). A number of specimens taken on 

 the Grand Banks and other fishing banks were brought in by the Gloucester, 

 Mass., fishermen and presented to the U.S. Fish Commission in 1878 to 1881. 

 They were all listed then as U. nodosa. It was not nearly so abundant in our 

 collections as A. verrillii. It has also been taken lij^ the U. S. Fish Commission 

 off Cape Cod, in 50 to 90 fathoms; Gulf of Maine, Massachusetts bay. Bay of 

 Fundy, in 50 to 150 fathoms; off Nova Scotia, in 50 to 110 fathoms, 1877. 



A few specimens of relatively small size are in the collections from Hudson 

 bay in 1920. These are strongly contracted and some are still partially covered 

 on their sides and bases with a dark brown adherent epidermal coating, as in 

 most other locahties. The bases were adherent to stones. The verrucae of the 

 walls are not very conspicuous, but form imperfect longitudinal rows. The 

 surface between them is strongly wrinkled both ways. The cinchda are incon- 

 spicuous among the wrinkles and appear to be few. 



One lot (of 2) was from Richmond gulf, about three miles from the entrance 

 east side of Hudson bay, in 12-13 fathoms, stones, sand and red algte, about 

 N. lat. 56°, Aug. 23, 1920. Collection of F. Johansen. 



