no G Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-1918 



Tealiopsis Danielssen. 



Tealiopsis Danielssen, op. cit., pp. 45-47, 1890. Type, T. polaris Dau. 

 Bunodes Gosse, Trans. Linn. Soc, XXI, p. 274, 185.5, (not of Danielssen, 1890, , 



nor of Hertwig); name is preoccupied by Bunodes Eichwald, 1853, for r 



a fossil. 

 Bimodactis and Bunodella Vereill, Anicr. Journ. Science, vol. VII, pp. 42, 43, , 



Jan., 1899. 

 Cribrina McMurrich, op. cit., 1893; and 1901, p. 17, fnot of Ehrenberg, 1834, , 



nor of Haddon, 1890). 



' C olumn wall is muscular and flexible, furnished with longitudinal rows of [ 



true, permanent, verruciform suclvcrs, to which foreign bodies may adhere; ; 



the rows may not reach the base, distal ones are usually largest; tentacles large, , 



numerous, retractile, commonly with a terminal pore. Walls generally, if not ; 



always, imperforate. No acontia. Sphincter muscle large, circumscribed or : 



cordiform, endodermah Perfect mesenteries usually in 12 to 48 pairs, often i 

 variable in the same species. 



Siphonoglyphs usually two, sometimes one or three or more, with cor- ■ 

 responding pairs of directive mesenteries.' 



All or most of the perfect mesenteries, except the directives, may bear • 

 gonads; also most of the imperfect ones. 



The following species and others are viviparous. The genus Tealiopsis : 

 Dan.- is apparently equivalent to the typical Bunodes of Gosse and later ■ 

 writers, and to Bimodactis Verrill. As Bunodes is clearly preoccupied, it must , 

 be dropped. Tealiopsis is the next in order of priority and should be used. 

 The type (T. polaris Dan.) is well described and illustrated. It is regularly ■ 

 verrucose and has 18 perfect mesenteries (See his PI. 1, figs. 7, 8; PI. VIII, , 

 figs. 2, 3). It resembles T. stella, but is more strongly verrucose, the lines of 

 verrucie reaching the base. Danielssen states that the walls are imperforate : 

 and acontia are lacking, and that the musculature of the column wall is endo- ■ 

 dermal. 



Tecdiopsis will receive numerous species. Among those that seem to belong 

 here are T. verrucosa (Penn.); T.hcdli (Cocks); T.thallia Gosse; T. rigid us (And.); ; 

 T. sabelloides (And.); (all of Europe); T. inornata Ver., Hong Kong; T, japonica ■ 

 Ver.; T. pluvia (Draj'ton in Dana); T. stelloides, West Indies; T. manni Ver., 

 Hawaiian Is.; T. elcgardissimu (]McJMurrich, as Cribrina), Puget Sound; T. 

 bimodiformis (Hertwig.); T. octoradiata (Carlgren) and T. hermaphroditica ; 

 (Carlgren) as Bunodes, Antarctic. See also Clubb, op. cit., 1908, PL III, for figures. 



Prof. McMurrich (op. cit., 1901, 1902) has used the name Cribrina (ex 

 Ehrenl)erg, 1834) for this genus. I explained as early as 1864, that Cribrina ■ 

 Ehr. is essentiallj^ a sj'nonym of Cerciis Oken, 1915. The more typical species i 

 were the same in each. Ehrenberg did not fully describe his genus, but gave a , 

 Latin diagnosis^ and applied to it the vernacular name, " Sieb-anemone" (Sieve- ■ 

 anemone), which is merely a translation of Cribrina, clearly referring to the : 



i.See Dixon, G. Y. and A. ]■'. on the variations found in Buihjdcs thallia and B. verrucosa. Proo. Royal 

 Duljlin Society, N. Ser., vol. VI, pp. 310-326, Plates IV, V, 1SS9. 



-Carlgren (1902), according to McMurrich (1910, p. 7S) has identified Daniclsscn's type with Stomphia 

 cocciiiea = S. canieola Ver. This cannot be correct, for the latter is a perfectly smooth species, with no 

 ■serrucae, and its circular muscles are niesoglceal. It belongs to I'aratidie. If Carlgren made an exam- 

 ination of the supposed type, labels must have been interchanged, Danielssen's figures are good. 



His general figure from life shows conspicuous rows of verruciform suckers as large as in T. stella, and 

 his figures of sections of the wall also show verruca\ He descf ibed the verrucas and described the circular 

 muscles as endodermal, as also shown in his sections. His type seems closely related to T. stella. See 

 below and Plate XXX, fig. 1 for our Stomphia canieola. 



'' His diagnosis is as follows; "Poris lateralibus instructa (latere respirantia, tentaculis non perforatis)" 

 op. cit., p. 40. 



