BOTANY OP TERRA AUSTRALIS. 15 



About thirty species of this order are found in Terra 

 Australis ; these are either Comespermas or Polygalse, with 

 a single species of Salomonia of Loureiro, a genus [644 

 Avhich is certainly not monandrous, as that author affirms, 

 but has four connected filaments with distinct unilocular an- 

 therse, and consequently half the number of stamina usually 

 found in the order. Most of the Comespermse exist in the 

 principal parallel, and equally at both its extremities ; 

 several, however, are found beyond it, and in both direc- 

 tions ; the genus extending from Arnhem's Land to Ad- 

 venture Bay. The greater part of the Polygalae and the 

 genus Salomonia exist only within the tropic. 



TREMANDREJE.^ The genus Tetratheca of Dr. Smith 

 and one very nearly related to it, which I shall hereafter 

 publish under the name of Tremandra, constitute a small 

 tribe of plants peculiar to Terra Australis. For this tribe 

 I prefer the name Tremandreee to that of Tetrathecacese, as 

 it is more distinctly, and at the same time more correctly 

 descriptive of the structure of stamina in both genera ; the 

 four distinct cells in the ripe state of the antherse not 

 existing in Tremandra, nor even in all the species of Tetra- 

 theca. In the quadrilocular antherse of the latter genus 

 there is indeed nothing peculiar, that being the original 

 structure of all those antherae which are commonly de- 

 scribed as bilocular ; and the difference in this case depend- 

 ing on the mode of bursting, which, when lateral, neces- 

 sarily obliterates two of the septa, but when terminal, as in 

 Tetratheca, admits of their persistence. It is remarkable 

 that both Dr. Smith and Labillardiere have mistaken the 

 fungous appendix of the apex of the seed for an umbilical 



1 TeemandeEjE. Cali/x 4-5 ph. sequalis, Kstivatione valvata. Peiala 4-6, 

 cequalia : sestivatione involuta stamina includentia. Stamina 8-10, hypogyna, 

 distincta: Antkera 2-4 loculares, basi insertse, poro tubulove apiois dehiscentes. 

 Ovarium 2-loo. loculis 1-3-spermis, ovulis pendulis : Stylus I : Stigmata 1-2. 

 Capsula bilocularis, bivalvis, Talvis medio septigeris. Semina umbilioo nudo : 

 extremitate opposita appendiculata ; albuminosa. Umbryo in axi albuminis 

 carnosi cujus dimidio -longior: radicula umbilicum spectante. Pruticuli 

 ericoides. ' Folia sparsa vel veriicillata, exstipulata. Pedunculi axillares, 

 unijlori. 



