32 LEAVES, FLOWERS, AND FRUIT 



classification which even scientists cannot apply to all in- 

 dividual cases. 



In this book few fruit terms are employed and include 

 names for all the forms found on shrubs. Nearly all the 

 small fleshy fruits are here called berries. Berries ought 

 to have more than one seed, which is usually true of them. 

 There is a class of fleshy fruits (usually large, but some- 

 times small) which has a single stone-covered seed, repre- 

 sented by the peach, plum, and cherry. These have been 

 called drupes so generally that the word will occasionally 

 be given, though in the text it will often be preceded by a 

 word which will explain it, as, a cherry-like drupe. 

 Fruits with several to many seeds in horny-coated cavities, 

 so well illustrated in the apple and pear, are called pomes. 

 This word will never be found except when modified by 

 explanatory words. Other forms may occur and illustra- 

 tive words will explain them, as, orange-like fruit, black- 

 berry-like fruit. The fleshy fruits will generally be 

 " berries " and " drupes " in the text. 



The dry fruits will be called pods, if of one cell and 

 several seeded; capsules or seed vessels if of more than 

 one cell except when single-seeded and these will be seed- 

 like (acAewes), nut-like {nutlets). 



In general, all terms outside of the common words of 

 the English language, used in the descriptive portion of 

 this book, will be explained or illustrated by drawings. 

 This, therefore, is a book needing no Glossary (though a 

 short one is given to help one to overcome an occasional 

 forgetfulness). 



