ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GARDENING. 
STOVE SPECIES CULTIVATED: A. amabile, India and Japan; anomalum, 
Ceylon; auriculatum, India; mucronatum, Jamaica; trifoliatum, West Indies; 
viviparum, West Indies. F 
GREENHOUSE SPECIES CULTIVATED: A. capense, Cape of Good Hope, Tropical 
America, etc.; falcatum (Syn. Cyrtomium falea tum), Japan, China, etc.; falcatum 
caryotideum, Japan; falcatum Fortunei, Japan; falcinellum, Madeira; frondosum, 
Madeira; laserpitii folium (Syn. Lastrea Standishii), Japan; lipidicaulon, Japan; 
pungens, Cape Colony; triangularum ilicifolium, N. India; vestitum, New Zealand, 
Uhili, etc. ; 
“HARDY SPECIES CULTIVATED: A. acrostichoides (Syn. Polystichum acros- 
tichoides), N. America, and its varieties grandiceps and incisum; aculeatum (Syn. 
Polystichum aculeatum), the Prickly Shield Fern, Britain, etc., and its Yarieties, 
proliferum angulare (Soft Shield Fern), lobatum, setosum, etc.; Lonchitis (Syn. 
Polystichum Lonchitis), the Holly Fern, Britain, etc.; munitum (Syn. Polystichum 
munitum), N. America. See hardy fern specialists’ lists for names of varieties. 
Asplenium (Spleenwort ; Lady Fern; Bird’s-nest Fern; Wall- 
rue Fern; Scale Fern, etc.)—Ord, Filices. Stove greenhouse & hardy 
ferns. Ht. 6in. to 4 ft. 
CULTURE OF STOVE AND GREENHOUSE SPECIES: Compost, 
equal parts peat, loam, leaf-mould & sand. Pot, March. Water freely 
in summer, moderately in winter. Temp., Stove species, Sept. to March 
60° to 70°, March ‘to Sept. 70° to 80°; greenhouse, Sept. to March 50° 
to 55°; March to Sept. 55° to 65°. Propagate by spores sown in sandy 
peat at any time. 
CULTURE OF HARDY SPECIES.—Compost, equal parts peat, loam, 
leaf-mould, sand & old mortar rubbish. Position, old walls for Scale, 
Wall-rue & Maidenhair Spleenworts; moist, shady borders for Lady 
Fern; rockeries for other kinds. Plant in April. Increased by spores 
when ripe & division in April. 
STOVE SPECIES CULTIVATED: A. attenuatum, N.S. Wales, etc.; Baptistii, 
8. Sea Islands; Belangeri, Java, Borneo, etc.; caudatum, India, Brazil, etc.; 
formosum, Trop. America; longissimum, Java, etc.; lunulatum, Tropics; Nidus 
(Bird's-nest Fern), Tropics; and its varieties, australasicum and musefolium; 
obtusilobum, New Hebrides; rutefolium prolongatum, S. India; viviparum, 
Mauritius. 
GREENHOUSE SPECIES CULTIVATED: A. bulbiferum, New Zealand and Aus- 
tralia, and its varieties Fabianum and laxum; Colensoi, New Zealand; dimorphum, 
Norfolk Island; ebenum, Cape Colony; flaccidum, Australia, ete.; Goringianum 
pictum (Syn. Athyrium Goringianum tricolor), Japan, hardy in warm districts; 
Hemionitis (Syn. A. palmatum), Madeira; incisum, Japan; obtusatum lucidum 
(Syn. A. lucidum), New Zealand; monanthemum, Temperate Zone, premorsum, 
West Indies, etc.; Sandersonii, Natal. 
HARDY SPECIES CULTIVATED: A. Adiantum nigrum (Black Maiden-hair Spleen- 
wort or ‘‘ French Fern” of the markets), Northern and Southern Temperate Zones, 
including Britain; Ceterach (Syn. Ceterach officinarium), the Scale Fern, a British 
ahd European species; Filix-femina (Syn. Athyrium Filix-femina), . the 
Lady ‘Fern, Britain, and its numerous _ varieties as Frizelliz, 
cristatum, plumosum, Victorie, etc.; fontanum (Rock Spleenwort), Britain, 
Europe; marinum (Sea Spleenwort), Europe, Britain; germanicum  (Ger- 
man Spleenwort), Europe, Britain; lanceolatum, Europe, Britain; Ruta-muraria 
(Wall-ruo Fern), Britain; septrionale (Forked Spleenwort), Britain; Trichomanes 
(Maidenhair Spleenwort), Europe, Britain; thelypteroides (Syn. Athyrium thely- 
pterioides, N. America; viride (Green Splecnwort), Europe, Britain. Many varietal 
forms of the foregoing species will be found in Jists in works on British ferns. 
Aster (Starwort; Michaelmas Daisy; Perennial Aster).—Ord. 
Composite. Hardy herbaceous perennials, flowering freely in autumn 
and reiting. an abundance of flowers for cutting. 
CULTURE: Soil, good ordinary, Position, sunny borders or wild 
gardens for tall species; rockeries for dwarf ones. Plant in Oct. or. 
spring. Lift, divide, & replant every third year. Propagate by seeds 
sown in heat or in a cold frame in spring; cuttings of young shoots in 
heat or cold frame in spring or summer; division of roots in autumn 
or spring. See Callistephus for China Aster. 
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