HNCYCLOPZDIA OF GARDENING. 
CULTURE: Soil, light, rich. Position, pots in sunny greenhouse, 
against south wall outdoors in summer. 
POT CULTURE: Sow seeds fin. deep in temp. 80° in Feb. Place 
seedlings singly in 3in. pots in March & in Gin. pots in May. Water 
freely & grow throughout in temp. 75° to 85°, Gather fruit when full 
red or yellow colour is attained. 
_ OUTDOOR CULTURE: Sow seeds & grow seedlings in pots as advised 
in previous case. Plant out in June. Train shoots thinly to wall as 
viep row. Yields the chilli of commerce. 
ECIES CULTIVATED: C. annuum (Red Pepper, Chillies and Capsicum), white, 
June, 1 ft., India; minimum (Cayenne Pepper, Guinea Pepper and Bird Pepper), 
white, May, 1 ft., E. Indies. The first species is on annual and the second one 
an evergreen shrub. 
Caragana (Siberian Pea-tree; Chinese Pea-tree)—Ord. Legu- 
minose. Hardy flowering trees & shrubs. Deciduous. First intro- 
duced 1751. 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, open shrubbery. Plant, Oct. 
to March. Propagate by seeds sown 2 in. deep in ordinary soil outdoors 
in Nov, or March; cuttings of roots inserted 3 in. deep outdoors in Oct. ; 
layers of strong shoots in Sept.; grafting choice species on C. arbores- 
cens in March. 
SPECIES OULTIVATED: C. arborescens, yellow, May, 15 ft., Siberia; arbores- 
gene Redowskii, a superior form; frutescens, yellow, April, 3 ft., Russia and 
apan, 
Caraway (Carum Carvi).—See Carum. 
Carbenia (Blessed Thistle)—Ord. Compositw. Hardy biennial. 
Ornamental foliage. 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, sunny border. Sow seeds 
thinly in March, where plants are to grow, and afterwards thin out 
to a foot or so apart. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: OC. benedicta, leaves green and blotched with white, 
3 to 4 ft., Mediterranean Region. 
Cardamine (Cuckoo -flower ; Tooth Flower; Lady’s Smock ; Coral 
Root). Ord. Cruciferw. Hardy perennial herbs. 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, moist, shady border. Plant, 
Oct., Nov., March, or April. Propagate by seeds sown }in. deep out- 
doors in April; division of roots in Oct. 
SPECIES OULTIVATED: C. asarifolia, white, May, 1 ft., Italy; pratensis 
{Guelon Flower or Lady’s Smock), pale purple , May, 18 in., Britain; pratensis 
lore pleno, double; diphylla (Syn. Dentaria bulbifera), the Coral Root, purple, 
April, 18 in., Britain. 
Cardinal Flower (Lobelia cardinalis)—See Lobelia. 
Cardinal Monkey-flower (Mimulus cardinalis)—See Mimu- 
lus. 
Cardoon.—See Cynara. 
Carex (Blue-grass; Sedge).—Ord. Cyperacer. Hardy herbaceous 
perennial grasses. Orn, foliage. , 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, margins of ponds. Plant 
March. The variegated kinds may be grown in pots in ordinary good 
soil in cool, greenhouses or in rooms. Propagate by seeds sown where 
plants are to ay in March; division of roots in March. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: ©. baccans, purple berried, 4 ft., Trop. Asia; brunnea 
variogata, leaves striped with white, 2 ft., India; Pseudo-cyperus (Bastard 
Cyperus), 3 ft., Temperate Zone; paniculata (Sedge), pale brown inflorescence, 
summer, 3 to 4 ft., Britain; pendula, brown inflorescence, summer, 5 to 6 ft., 
Britain; tristachya (japonica of gardens), leaves striped with white, 1 ft., Japan. 
Carlina (Carline Thistle)—Ord. Compositz. Hardy perennials. 
First introduced 1640. 
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