ENCYCLOPZDIA OF GARDENING. 
Celosias. When seedlings a pear place them close to glass & keep 
moderately moist. Transplant, when seedlings have formed three 
leaves, into 2in. pots in above compost. Place pots on shelf near glass 
until “combs ” show themselves. Select plants with finest “combs” & 
place them in 4in. pots; plunge these to rim on gentle hotbed (temp. 
65° to 75°) & keep moderately moist at root. Syringe freely. Transfer 
plants when pots are full of roots into 5 in. pots & treat as before. Give 
iquid manure when “combs” are well advanced. Good spetimen of 
“comb” should measure 9 to 12in. long, 3 to Gin. wide, & plant 6 to 
9in. high. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: O. argentea, white, summer, 2 ft., China; cristata 
(Cockscomb), red or crimson, summer, 2 ft., Tropics; cristata pyramidalis, red, 
yellow, etc., summer, 2 to 3 ft., and its varieties plumosa, eto.; Huttoni, red, 
summer, leaves crimson, 1 to 2 ft., Java. 
Celsia (Cretan Mullein). — Ord. Scrophulariacew. Half-hardy 
shrubs & biennials. First introduced 1752. 
CULTURE: Compost, equal parts loam, leaf-mould, & sand. Posi- 
tion, pots in unheated greenhouse or in flower beds outdoors in summer. 
Pot or plant March; water moderately in winter, freely at other times. 
Propagate shrubby species by cuttings, 3in. long, of young shoots, 
inserted in well-drained pots of sandy soil in cold frame or greenhouse 
in April, May, or June, or by seeds sown 1-10 in. deep in light sandy 
soil in similar position; biennial species by seed sown 1-16in. deep in 
sunny place outdoors in April or Aug. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: OC. Arcturus, yellow, July, 3 to 4 ft., Orete, shrubby; 
cretica, yellow, July, 4 ft., 8. Europe, biennial. . c 
Celtis (Nettle Tree; Hackberry).—Ord. Urticacew. Hardy deci- 
duous ornamental-leaved trees. First introduced 1656. 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, sunny shrubberies. Plant, 
Oct. to Feb. Prune, Nov. to Feb. Propagate by seeds sown outdoors 
in outer layering shoots in Oct.; cuttings of firm shoots in Nov. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: OC. australis, green, May, 30 ft., 8S. Europe; occidentalis 
(Hackberry), green, spring, 20 ft., N. America. 
Centaurea (Cornflower; Sweet Sultan; Centaury).—Ord. Com- 
positz. Hardy and tender perennials & annuals. 
CULTURE OF ANNUAL SPECIES: Sow seeds outdoors in April 
where plants are required to flower. Thin seedlings when an inch or 
so high to 4 or 6in, apart. Ordinary rich soil & a sunny position. 
CULTURE OF PERENNIAL SPECIES: Soil, ordinary good. Posi- 
tion, sunny borders. Plant autumn or spring. Lift, divide, & replant 
every third or fourth year. Propagate by seeds sown outdoors in April, 
or in heat in spring, also by division of roots in autumn or spring. 
ULTURE OF TENDER SPECIES: Rear plants from seeds sown 
in heat in spring or summer, & grow on in pots in greenhouse; or from 
cuttings inserted in cold frame in July or August, lifting them when 
rooted & placing in pots in greenhouse. Plant out in beds end of May. 
Silvery foliage of these very striking for bedding out. 
ANNUAL SPECIES: ©. cyamus (cornflower), blue, rose, white, etc., summer, 
8 ft., Britain; moschata (Purple Sweet Sultan), purple, summer, 2 ft., Orient; 
moschata alba (White Sweet Sultan), white; suavolens (Yellow Sweet Sultan), 
yellow, fragrant, July, 18 in., Levant; suavolens margarita, white, fragrant. 
PERENNIAL SPECIES: O. aurea, golden yellow, July to Sept., 2 ft., 8. Europe; 
babylonica, yellow, July, 6 to 10 ft., Levant; dealbata, rose, summer, 18 in., 
Oaucasus; glassifolia, yellow, summer, 4 to 6 ft., Caucasus; macrocephala, yellow, 
July, 3 to 5 ft., Caucasus; montana, blue, July, 2 to 3 ft., Caucasus, Pyrenees; 
montana alba, white; montana rosea, rose. 
TENDER SPECIES: O. cineraria, 12 to 18 in., Italy; Olementei, 9 to 12 in., 
Spain; gymnocarpa, 2 ft., S. Europe; ragusina, 2 ft., S. Europe, all with elegant 
silvery foliage. 
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