ENOCYCLOPHDIA OF GARDENING. 
major (Mandarin Orange); nobilis tangerana (Tangerine Orange). C. trifoliata 
is a hardy evergreen shrub which may be grown outdoors. | 
Cladrastis (Yellow-wood Tree).—Ord, Leguminose. Hardy de- 
ciduous flowering shrubs. First introduced 1812. i . 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary. Position, open shrubberies, or singly 
on lawns. Plant, Oct. to Feb. Propagate by seeds sown 1 in. deep in 
ordinary soil outdoors in March; cuttings of root inserted outdoors in 
spring. 
ESPECIES CULTIVATED: OC. amarensis, white, July, 6 ft., Amurland; tinctoria, 
white, July, 15 ft., United States. 
Clarkia.—Ord. Onagrariaew. Hardy annuals. First introduced 
1826. 
CULTURE: Soil, light, rich. Position, sunny borders or beds. Sow 
seeds gin, deep in April, May, or June in rows or masses where plants 
are required to flower. Thin seedlings to 8 in. apart when 3 in. high. 
SPEOIES CULTIVATED: O. elegans, rosy purple, July, 2 ft.; pulchella, various 
colours, single and double, 2 ft.; rhombodea, purple, June, 2 ft., all natives of 
N.W. America. Numerous superior varieties described in trade lists. 
Clary (Salvia sclarea).—See Salvia. 
Claytonia.—Ord. Portulacacew. Hardy annuals & perennials. 
First introduced 1768. 
OULTURE: Soil, for annual species, ordinary; for perennials, damp 
peat or bog. Position, rockery for annual species; moist & shady bor- 
der for perennials. Plant perennials in Oct, or March. Propagate 
annual species by seeds sown outdoors in April; perennials by seeds 
similarly, or by offsets in Oct, or March. 
ANNUAL SPECIES: O. perfoliata, white, June, 6 in., N. America; sibirica, 
pink, March, 6 in., N. America, . 
PERENNIAL SPECIES: C. caroliniana, pink, May, 6 in., N. America; virginica, 
white, April, 6 in., N. America. 
Clematis (Virgin’s Bower).—Ord. Ranunculacex. | Greenhouse 
and hardy climbers and herbaceous perennials. All very showy plants. 
CULTURE OF HARDY CLIMBING SPECIES: Soil, rich, deep, well- 
drained loam containing plenty of old mortar and decayed manure. 
Position, sunny trellises, arches, old tree stumps, arbours, etc.; also 
in beds with shoots trained over surface. Plant in autumn or spring. 
Prune in Feb. Pruning: Montana, Florida, Patens, and Lanuginosa 
kinds only need to have weak shoots removed as they flower on the 
old wood. Coccinea kinds require weak growths and tips of strong 
ones removed. Viticella and Jackmanni groups require previous year’s 
shoots to be cut back to six inches from their base. Feed healthy plants 
occasionally in summer with weak liquid manure. Top-dress those 
own in beds with decayed manure in autumn, 
CULTURE IN POTS: Compost, two parts loam, one part of equal 
proportions of leaf-mould, decayed manure, & sand. Plant in pots or 
tubs in June. Train shoots up roof of cold or cool greenhouse, or 
around wire trellis fixed in pots. Water freely March to Sept. Apply 
weak liquid manure occasionally in summer. Keep soil nearly ary 
in winter. Prune shoots to 3 or 4 in. from base early in the year. 
CULTURE OF GREENHOUSE SPECIES: Compost as for above. 
Grow in pots or in well-drained bed, planting in spring. Water freely 
during the summer, moderately in winter. Prune away weak growths 
and shorten rampant ones a little in Feb. Train shoots near the roof. 
Temp., Sept. to March 45° to 55°; March to Sept. 55° to 65°. Syringe 
freely daily in summer. 
CULTURE OF HERBACEOUS SPECIES: Soil, ordinary rich. 
Position, sunny borders. Plant in autumn or spring. Top-dress an- 
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