ENCYCLOPEDIA OF GARDENING. 
OUTDOOR CULTURE: Compost, equal parts loam, leaf-mould, de- 
cayed manure, & sharp sand. Position, beds or borders under shade of 
trees, high walls, or fences for general culture; south border for early 
flowering. Plant single crowns 2 or 3in. apart, with points just below 
surface, in Sept. & Oct. Lift and replant every four years, always 
lanting largest crowns by themselves, next size alone, & smallest simi- 
arly. Mulch bed annually in Feb. with decayed manure. Apply liquid 
mauure once a week, May to Sept., to beds more than a year old. 
POT CULTURE: Compost, equal parts good soil & leaf-mould. 
Plant one clump or a dozen single crowns in a 6 in. pot, well drained in 
Oct. or Nov. Place inverted pot over crowns & stand pots in cold frame 
or under greenhouse stage until Jan., then remove into heat, or allow 
to bloom naturally in greenhouse or window. Water only when soil 
needs moisture in winter, freely when growth begins. 
Forcina: Place single crowns close together in shallow boxes, with 
cocoanut-fibre refuse between roots, & put boxes in temp. 80° to 85°. 
Cover points of crowns with inverted box or thick layer of moss until 
flowers appear, then remove it. After forcing, crowns of no value for 
flowering again, therefore discard them. Retarded roots flower quickly 
without much forcing. Propagate by seeds sown 3 in. deep in light soil 
outdoors in March; division of crowns Sept, or Oct. 
SPECIES CULTIVATED: O. majalis, white, spring, 6 in., Europe (Britain), 
ete.; majalis flore-pleno, double; majalis prolificans, tall variety; majalis rosea, 
rose tinted; majalis variegata, leaves variegated. 
Convolvulus.—Ord. Convolvulaceer. Hardy annual & perennial 
climbing or trailing plants. 
CULTURE: Soil, ordinary rich. Position, dwarf kinds in open beds & 
borders; tall kinds at base of arbours, trellises, walls, or trunks of 
trees. Plant perennials in March. Sow annual species in April where 
required to grow, and thin seedlings to 8in. apart when 2in, high. 
Propagate by seeds sown }in. deep outdoors in March. where plants 
are to flower, or in nursery bed, afterwards transplanting seedlings 
to permanent position; division of fleshy roots in March or April. 
ANNUAL SPECIES: C. tricolor, various colours, summer, 1 ft., 8. Europe. 
PERENNIAL SPECIES: OC. mauritanicus, blue, July, trailing, S. Europe; 
chinensis, purple and crimson, July, 6 ft. See also Calystegia and Ipomea. 
Cooperia (Evening Star)—Ord. Amaryllidaces. Half-hardy 
bulbous plants. 
CULTURE: Compost, equal parts peat, loam, & leaf-mould. Posi- 
tion, pots in cool greenhouse or cold frame. Pot, Jan. or Feb. Water 
moderately until growth begins, then give freely; discontinue watering 
after poe & gs soil dry during winter. Temp., Sept. to Feb. 40° 
to 45°; Feb. to May, 50° to 55°; May to Sept. 55° to 65°. Propagate 
by offsets in Feb. é 
SPEOIES OULTIVATED: ©. Drummondii, white, Aug., 9 in., Texas; peduncu- 
lata, white, Aug., 8 in., Toxas. 
Copaim Balsam-tree (Liquidambar styraciflua). — See 
Liquidambar. 
opper-coloured Beech (Fagus sylvatica var. cuprea).— 
See Fagus. 
Copper-leaf (Acalypha musaica).—See Acalypha. 
Coprosma (Tasmanian Currant).—Ord. Rubiacem. Half-hardy 
evergreen shrub. Orn. sores Leaves, egg-shaped, green, blotched 
or variegated with creamy yellow. Fruit, coral rei 
ULTURE: Compost, two parts sandy loam, one part leaf-mould 
& sand. Position, pots in cool greenhouse. Repot, March. Prune 
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